funder-graph

FundersMACedar Tree Foundation › 2020

Grants paid by Cedar Tree Foundation, tax year 2020

EIN 13-3601934 · Boston, MA · Form 990-PF, Part XV · NTEE T22

In tax year 2020, Cedar Tree Foundation (EIN 13-3601934) reported 134 grants paid totaling $11,773,359. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

2020202220232024

Every grant, 2020

Grants reported by Cedar Tree Foundation for tax year 2020
Tax yearRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2020Society for Conservation Biology Washington, DCB$7,586,124approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR SMITH FELLOWS PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Alternative Foundation Detroit, MID$4,291,841paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE HISTORIC PRACTICES OF THE CEDAR TREE FOUNDATION, INCLUDING INITIATIVES PRIMARILY FOCUSED ON THE ENVIRONMENT202103159349103505
2020Society for Conservation Biology Washington, DCB$1,580,006paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR SMITH FELLOWS PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Sheriffs Meadow Foundation Vineyard Haven, MAC$500,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE SQUIBNOCKET POND RESERVATION202103159349103505
2020Windward Fund Washington, DCB$275,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT TO THE HEARTLAND FUND FOR GENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Evkids Dorchester, MAB$200,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Practical Farmers of Iowa Ames, IAB$175,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LIVESTOCK PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Land Stewardship Project Minneapolis, MNB$175,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ADVANCING SUSTAINABLE GRAZING IN MINNESOTA202103159349103505
2020National Audubon Society New York, NYU$165,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE AUDUBON CONSERVATION RANCHING PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Conservatory Lab Charter School Dorchester, MAU$160,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TEACHERS202103159349103505
2020Uvm Center for Sustainable Agriculture Barre, VTU$150,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR A NEW ENGLAND GRAZING NETWORK202103159349103505
2020Delaware Riverkeeper Network Bristol, PAB$150,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR DEFEATING FRACKING AND ITS INFRASTRUCTURE202103159349103505
2020Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development for the Pastur Little Rock, ARD$150,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE PASTURE PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Naaee Washington, DCU$127,012paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF CEE CHANGE FELLOWSHIP202103159349103505
2020Coming Clean Brattleboro, VTB$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CAMPAIGN FOR HEALTHIER SOLUTIONS202103159349103505
2020Healthy Building Network Washington, DCU$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE HOME FREE PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Environmental Health Strategy Center Portland, MEU$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE TOXIC FREE FOOD CAMPAIGN202103159349103505
2020Center for Black Women's Wellness Atlanta, GAC$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CHILDREN'S ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Center for Environmental Health Oakland, CAB$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR PROTECTING CHILDREN FROM HORMONE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS202103159349103505
2020Environmental Working Group Washington, DCC$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CHILDREN'S ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CAMPAIGN202103159349103505
2020Alaska Community Action On Toxins Anchorage, AKD$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR PROTECTING CHILDREN AT THE TOP OF THE WORLD202103159349103505
2020Ecology Center Ann Arbor, MIB$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE PROJECT TO ELIMINATE TOXICS IN EVERYDAY CHILDRENS PRODUCTS202103159349103505
2020Women's Voices for the Earth Missoula, MTU$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE SAFE CLEANING PRODUCTS CAMPAIGN202103159349103505
2020Intertribal Agriculture Council Billings, MTC$125,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF THE REGENERATIVE GRAZING INIATIATIVE202103159349103505
2020Defenders of Wildlife Washington, DCB$110,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF THE WOLF-LIVESTOCK COEXISTENCE AND REGENERATIVE GRAZING PARTNERSHIP202103159349103505
2020Evkids Dorchester, MAB$100,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Piikani Lodge Health Institute Browning, MTD$100,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF THE BLACKFEET NATION REGENERATIVE GRAZING INITIATIVE202103159349103505
2020West Harlem Environmental Action Inc New York, NYB$100,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST TOXIC SKIN AND HAIR PRODUCTS202103159349103505
2020Vineyard Conservation Society Vineyard Haven, MAB$100,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Advancement Project Washington, DCU$90,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR POWER AND DEMOCRACY202103159349103505
2020Western Sustainability Exchange Livingston, MTB$90,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE MONTANA GRASSLANDS CARBON INITIATIVE202103159349103505
2020Southwest Organizing Project Albuquerque, NMB$80,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Tanka Fund Kyle, SDB$80,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020United Tribes of Kansas &se Nebraska White Cloud, KSC$75,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF HEALING THE SACRED LAND INITIATIVE202103159349103505
2020Centro Obero del Fronterizo El Paso, TXC$75,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR LA MUJER OBRERA'S CHILDREN'S ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020City Blossoms Washington, DCB$70,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Children's Environmental Health Network Washington, DCB$70,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Quivira Coalition Santa Fe, MNU$65,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE NEW AGRARIAN PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Social & Environmental Entrepreneurs Inc for Building Equity and Alignment Calabasas, CAD$60,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE BUILDING EQUITY AND ALIGNMENT FOR IMPACT FUND202103159349103505
2020Social & Environmental Entrepreneurs Inc for Building Equity and Alignment Calabasas, CAD$60,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE BUILDING EQUITY AND ALIGNMENT FOR IMPACT FUND202103159349103505
2020Pesticide Action Network North America Regional Center Berkeley, CAB$50,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR BUILDING A BETTER FOOD & FARMING SYSTEM FROM THE GROUND UP202103159349103505
2020Spread the Vote Los Angeles, CAD$50,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020New Florida Majority Education Fund Miami, FLU$50,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Silent Spring Institute Newton, MAB$50,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020New England Grassroots Environmental Fund Newmarket, NHC$50,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR INDIGENOUS REGRANTING IN NEW ENGLAND202103159349103505
2020Chelsea Collaborative Chelsea, MAU$50,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Silent Spring Institute Newton, MAB$50,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020New Florida Majority Education Fund Miami, FLU$50,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Evergreen Community Development Initiative Flint, MIC$50,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FLINT DEVELOPMENT CENTER'S YOUTH PROGRAM AT THE COMMUNITY WATER LAB202103159349103505
2020Indigenous Educational Network of Turtle Island Bemidji, MNB$45,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Earthforce Denver, COC$43,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Romero Institute Santa Cruz, CAB$40,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LAKOTA PEOPLE'S LAW PROJECT'S GREENING THE REZ AND PREVENTING PIPELINES PROGRAMS202103159349103505
2020Resilient Sisterhood Boston, MAU$40,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Virginia Organizing Inc for Science Communication Network Charlottesville, VAU$40,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE SCIENCE COMMUNICATION NETWORK'S PROJECT ON HEALTH IMPACTS OF UNCONVENTIONAL OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT202103159349103505
2020Soul Fire Farm Petersburg, NYD$35,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT, WITH AN ADDITIONAL $25,000 IN YEAR ONE FOR PROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FORTIFYING OUR FOUNDATION PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Urban Farming Institute of Boston Roxbury, MAC$30,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CAPITAL CAMPAIGN202103159349103505
2020Seventh Generation Fund for Indigenous Peoples Inc Arcata, CAB$30,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LAND DEFENDERS AND WATER PROTECTORS PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Chelsea Collaborative Chelsea, MAU$30,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Advancement Project Washington, DCU$25,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Aldo Leopold Foundation Baraboo, WIB$25,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF THE FUTURE LEADERS FELLOWSHIP202103159349103505
2020Natural Resources Defense Council New York, NYB$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH202103159349103505
2020Center for Economic Democracy for Boston Ujima Project Boston, MAD$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR BOSTON UJIMA PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Neighbor to Neighbor Massachusetts Education Fund Boston, MAC$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR LIFTING THE VOICES OF THE NEW MAJORITY IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLIMATE JUSTICE MOVEMENT202103159349103505
2020Environmental Defense Fund Washington, DCU$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH202103159349103505
2020Clean Water Fund Boston, MAU$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE MASS CAMPAIGN FOR A CLEAN ENERGY FUTURE202103159349103505
2020Alternatives for Community and Environment Roxbury, MAC$20,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Urban Farming Institute of Boston Roxbury, MAC$20,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Center for Economic Democracy for Boston Ujima Project Boston, MAD$20,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR BOSTON UJIMA PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Groundswell Oakland, CAD$20,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LIBERATION FUND202103159349103505
2020Waldorf School Association of the Delaware River Valley Upper Black Eddy, PAB$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT GRANT FOR THE STEPPING STONE FUND OF THE RIVER VALLEY WALDORF SCHOOL202103159349103505
2020Polly Hill Arboretum West Tisbury, MAB$20,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Groundswell Oakland, CAD$20,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LIBERATION FUND202103159349103505
2020Neighbor to Neighbor Massachusetts Education Fund Boston, MAC$20,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR LIFTING THE VOICES OF THE NEW MAJORITY IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLIMATE JUSTICE MOVEMENT202103159349103505
2020Conservatory Lab Charter School Dorchester, MAU$19,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT, WITH $1,000 RESERVED FOR RELIEF FUND202103159349103505
2020Emmanuel Church Boston, MAU$18,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH 3RD FLOOR BUILDING UPGRADES202103159349103505
2020West Harlem Environmental Action Inc New York, NYB$15,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE CECIL CORBIN-MARK FELLOWSHIP FUND202103159349103505
2020The Ohio Organizing Collaborative Youngstown, OHU$15,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE PEOPLES JUSTICE PROJECT AND THE OHIO STUDENT ASSOCIATION202103159349103505
2020The Ohio Organizing Collaborative Youngstown, OHU$15,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE PEOPLES JUSTICE PROJECT AND THE OHIO STUDENT ASSOCIATION202103159349103505
2020West Harlem Environmental Action Inc New York, NYB$15,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Seventh Generation Fund for Indigenous Peoples Inc Arcata, CAB$13,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Msc for Climate Justice Alliance Oakland, CAU$13,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR CLIMATE JUSTICE ALLIANCE202103159349103505
2020Sheriffs Meadow Foundation Vineyard Haven, MAC$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020South Shore Young Men's Christian Association for the South Shore Natural S Norwell, MAD$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR HOT TOPIC: CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE CLASSROOM PROGRAM202103159349103505
2020Sustainable Markets Foundation for the Regenerative Agriculture Foundation New York, NYU$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE HERD FELLOWS SCHOLARSHIP FUND202103159349103505
2020Greenroots Chelsea, MAB$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Agarian Trust Weare, NHU$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR LITTLE JUBBA CENTRAL MAIN COMMONS202103159349103505
2020Planned Parenthood New York, NYC$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Soul Fire Farm Petersburg, NYD$10,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT, WITH AN ADDITIONAL $25,000 IN YEAR ONE FOR PROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FORTIFYING OUR FOUNDATION PROJECT202103159349103505
2020Seventh Generation Fund for Indigenous Peoples Inc Arcata, CAB$10,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020United South and Eastern Tribes Nashville, TNB$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE MASHPEE WAMPANOAGS LEGAL AND COMMUNICATIONS WORK202103159349103505
2020Toxics Action Center Inc Boston, MAB$10,000paidSUPPORT FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED BY FORE RIVER RESIDENTS AGAINST THE COMPRESSOR STATION (FRRACS) IN WEYMOUTH202103159349103505
2020New England Conservatory Boston, MAC$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Earthjustice Sam Framcisco, CAC$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR WORK WITH TRIBAL COMMUNITIES RESISTING FOSSIL FUEL PROJECTS202103159349103505
2020Center for Labor Education and Research Inc Boston, MAB$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE MASSUNDOCUFUND COVID-19 RELIEF FUND202103159349103505
2020Farm Aid Cambridge, MAB$10,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE BIPOC FARMERS FUND202103159349103505
2020Tsne Missionworks for Gardening the Community Lowell, MAU$10,000paidTSNE MISSIONWORKS FOR GARDENING THE COMMUNITY202103159349103505
2020Seventh Generation Fund for Indigenous Peoples Inc Arcata, CAB$9,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE COVID-19 RESPONSE FUND (RESTRICTED TO WORK IN THE U.S.)202103159349103505
2020Indigenous Educational Network of Turtle Island Bemidji, MNB$9,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE COVID-19 RESPONSE FUND (RESTRICTRED TO WORK IN THE U.S.)202103159349103505
2020Alternatives for Community and Environment Roxbury, MAC$8,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Tanka Fund Kyle, SDB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Land Stewardship Project Minneapolis, MNB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Society for Conservation Biology Washington, DCB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Healthy Building Network Washington, DCU$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Southwest Organizing Project Albuquerque, NMB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Immigrant Family Services Institute (ifsi-Usa) Hyde Park, MAD$5,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Uua for First Parish Brookline, MAU$5,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FIRST PARISH SOCIAL JUSTICE FUND202103159349103505
2020Coming Clean Brattleboro, VTB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Children's Environmental Health Network Washington, DCB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Center for Environmental Health Oakland, CAB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Environmental Working Group Washington, DCC$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Intertribal Agriculture Council Billings, MTC$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Uua for First Parish Brookline, MAU$5,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FIRST PARISH SOCIAL JUSTICE FUND202103159349103505
2020United Tribes of Kansas &se Nebraska White Cloud, KSC$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Evergreen Community Development Initiative for the Flint Development Center Flint, MID$5,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE FLINT DEVELOPMENT CENTER202103159349103505
2020Practical Farmers of Iowa Ames, IAB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Western Sustainability Exchange Livingston, MTB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020West Harlem Environmental Action Inc New York, NYB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Centro Obero del Fronterizo El Paso, TXC$5,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR LA MUJER OBRERA202103159349103505
2020Defenders of Wildlife Washington, DCB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Delaware Riverkeeper Network Bristol, PAB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Alternatives for Community and Environment Roxbury, MAC$5,000approved, futureGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Piikani Lodge Health Institute Browning, MTD$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Waldorf School Association of the Delaware River Valley Upper Black Eddy, PAB$5,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR COVID-19 RESPONSE EXPENSES202103159349103505
2020Uvm Center for Sustainable Agriculture Barre, VTU$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Center for Black Women's Wellness Atlanta, GAC$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Spread the Vote Los Angeles, CAD$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Women's Voices for the Earth Missoula, MTU$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Advancement Project Washington, DCU$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Alaska Community Action On Toxins Anchorage, AKD$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Ecology Center Ann Arbor, MIB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Quivira Coalition Santa Fe, NMB$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Environmental Health Strategy Center Portland, MEU$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Immigrant Family Services Institute (ifsi-Usa) Hyde Park, MAD$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Beacon House Community Ministry Inc Washington, DCB$4,500paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Episcopal City Mission Boston, MAU$4,000approved, futurePROJECT SUPPORT OF THE BOSTON IMMIGRATION JUSTICE ACCOMPAINMENT NETWORK202103159349103505
2020Episcopal City Mission Boston, MAU$4,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT OF THE BOSTON IMMIGRATION JUSTICE ACCOMPAINMENT NETWORK202103159349103505
2020South Shore Young Men's Christian Association for the South Shore Natural S Norwell, MAD$3,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR GENERAL SUPPORT OF THE SOUTH SHORE NATURAL SCIENCE CENTER202103159349103505
2020Tsne Missionworks for Gardening the Community Lowell, MAU$3,000paidTSNE MISSIONWORKS FOR GARDENING THE COMMUNITY202103159349103505
2020Indigenous Educational Network of Turtle Island Bemidji, MNB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020West Tisbury Library Foundation Tisbury, MAB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Romero Institute Santa Cruz, CAB$3,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE LAKOTA PEOPLE'S LAW PROJECT202103159349103505
2020City Blossoms Washington, DCB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Martha's Vineyard Museum Edgartown, MAC$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Naaee Washington, DCU$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Urban Farming Institute of Boston Roxbury, MAC$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Groundswell Oakland, CAD$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Greenroots Chelsea, MAB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Maine Farmland Trust Belfast, MEB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020The Nature Conservancy Boston, MAU$3,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT FOR WORK ON MARTHA'S VINEYARD202103159349103505
2020Pesticide Action Network North America Regional Center Berkeley, CAB$3,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505
2020Winsor Music Lexington, MAC$2,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202103159349103505

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are the matcher's inference and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF e-file XML. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. All years for this funder.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.