funder-graph

FundersDE

Grants paid by The Caton Family Charitable Foundation

EIN 27-0167058 · Wilmington, DE · Form 990-PF, Part XV

The Caton Family Charitable Foundation of Wilmington, DE (EIN 27-0167058) reported 151 grants paid totaling $421,179 to 45 recipients in tax years 2018–2024, on Form 990-PF, Part XV. Derived from IRS e-file data, dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

Grants paid

$421,179

151 grants

Recipients

45

distinct organizations

Tax years

2018–2024

7 filings in the corpus

By tax year

Grants by tax year, as the same figures
Tax yearGrants paidAmount paidApproved for future
201822$39,326
201924$44,845
202024$50,845
202121$57,500
202221$74,452
202318$71,597
202421$82,614

Top recipients

The 45 recipients receiving the most from The Caton Family Charitable Foundation, by grants paid, out of 45 distinct recipients.

Recipients ranked by total grants paid
RecipientMatchLocationGrantsTotal paidLatest year
First Presbyterian ChurchUDillon, SC11$69,5002024
Lumber River United Way 58-1636285BLumberton, NC4$47,5002024
Southeastern Regional Medical CenterULumberton, NC7$45,5002024
University of North Carolina at Pembroke 51-0232840BPembroke, NC13$38,3352024
Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church 56-0653351DLumberton, NC10$26,0492023
First Presbyterian ChurchULumberton, NC9$19,0002024
Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc 45-2450609BAtlanta, GA7$18,0002024
Pace Academy Inc 58-0706812BAtlanta, GA4$17,5002022
Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc 04-3608242CLumberton, NC6$16,5002024
Boy Scouts of AmericaUWilmington, NC7$12,5002024
Robeson County Arts Council 56-1586173BLumberton, NC2$12,5002022
Robeson County Public LibraryULumberton, NC2$10,0002022
Lumberton Christian Care Center 56-1492672BLumberton, NC7$9,2502024
Path Foundation Inc 58-1949696BAtlanta, GA7$9,0002024
Boyce L Ansley School Inc 82-3440705BAtlanta, GA2$7,5002024
Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North CarolinaULumberton, NC5$6,2452024
Robeson Kiwanis Childrens Foundation 75-3111441BLumberton, NC1$5,0002024
Robeson County Humane Society Inc 56-1724733BLumberton, NC8$4,9002022
Alzar School Inc 26-3200341BCascade, ID4$4,7502023
Robeson County Church and Community Center Inc 56-0943895BLumberton, NC3$4,5002021
Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Parish of LumbertoULumberton, NC1$4,0002024
Peachtree Battle Alliance Neighborhood Improvement 93-2436366BAtlanta, GA2$3,5002024
United Way of Robeson County IncULumberton, NC2$3,5002019
Agape Community Center Inc 58-2372950BAtlanta, GA3$3,5002024
Soar Inc 58-1505954BBalsam, NC1$3,0002019
Haiti Awake Inc 47-2636504BWilmington, NC1$2,5002019
Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta Inc - Childrens HeUAtlanta, GA1$2,0002021
Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta IncUAtlanta, GA1$1,5002020
Chattahoochee Riverkeeper Inc 58-2095413CAtlanta, GA2$1,5002019
Communities in Schools of Robeson County Inc 56-1792183BLumberton, NC1$1,5002018
Odyssey Inc 58-2537795BAtlanta, GA1$1,5002018
Emory UniversityUAtlanta, GA1$1,0002019
Victory Train Inc 84-4052003BGreensboro, GA1$1,0002024
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation - Ga ChapterUAtlanta, GA1$1,0002023
Trees Atlanta Inc 58-1584758CAtlanta, GA1$1,0002018
Robeson County Committee On Domestic Violence 58-1515871CLumberton, NC1$1,0002020
Camp Sunshine Inc 58-1872217BDecatur, GA3$9502022
Atlanta Ronald Mcdonald House Charities IncUAtlanta, GA1$5002024
Joanna Mcafee Childhood Cancerfoundation Inc 20-4356988CMary Esther, FL1$5002019
Partnership Against Domestic Violence 58-1314556CDecatur, GA1$5002021
Monroe Camp and Retreat Center Inc 27-2794986BLaurel Hill, NC1$5002019
Leukemia & Lymphoma Society IncURye Brook, NY1$5002021
Shepherd Center Inc 51-0141601BAtlanta, GA1$2502020
Georgia Interfaith Power & Light Inc 26-3446212BDecatur, GA1$2502020
Second Chances Equine Rescue Inc 46-3474088BHinesville, GA1$2002018

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Every grant

All 151 grant rows this organization reported, most recent first.

Grants reported by The Caton Family Charitable Foundation
Tax yearRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2024Lumber River United Way Lumberton, NCB$12,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidFunds for the Science Building at Dillon Christian School202512549349100221
2024Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidDillion Christian School Warrior Fieldhouse project202512549349100221
2024Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Robeson Kiwanis Childrens Foundation Lumberton, NCB$5,000paidTo be used for the handicapped park202512549349100221
2024University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$5,000paidFunds are allocated for MAT students in the School of Education at UNC Pembroke to help cover licensure exam fees202512549349100221
2024Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Parish of Lumberto Lumberton, NCU$4,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$2,664paidFemale Scholarship Fund in all sports at UNCP as needed202512549349100221
2024Boyce L Ansley School Inc Atlanta, GAB$2,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$2,000paidFunds specifically for Boy Scout Troop 301202512549349100221
2024Peachtree Battle Alliance Neighborhood Improvement Atlanta, GAB$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$1,500paidMusic Dept Fund202512549349100221
2024Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$1,250paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North Carolina Lumberton, NCU$1,200paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Agape Community Center Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Victory Train Inc Greensboro, GAB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2024Atlanta Ronald Mcdonald House Charities Inc Atlanta, GAU$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202512549349100221
2023Lumber River United Way Lumberton, NCB$15,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$10,000paidScholarship Fund for the Nursing Program202432569349100108
2023First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidFunds for the new science building at Dillon Christian School202432569349100108
2023First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidFunds for the New Student Athlete Complex202432569349100108
2023Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$5,597paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Boyce L Ansley School Inc Atlanta, GAB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$3,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Peachtree Battle Alliance Neighborhood Improvement Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$1,000paidFunds for CARE Resource Center in the Office of Community Service and Engagement202432569349100108
2023First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidYouth Fund202432569349100108
2023Alzar School Inc Cascade, IDB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidYouth program at FPC in Lumberton, NC from Karen and James Granger202432569349100108
2023Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$1,000paidKitchen's purchases of food202432569349100108
2023Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432569349100108
2023Cystic Fibrosis Foundation - Ga Chapter Atlanta, GAU$1,000paidCharitable Event202432569349100108
2023First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$500paidFunds to support the athletic complex calendar fundraiser202432569349100108
2022First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Lumber River United Way Lumberton, NCB$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$8,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Robeson County Arts Council Lumberton, NCB$7,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$5,000paidNew Mass Missal Program202311579349101001
2022University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$5,000paidSports Scholarship Fund202311579349101001
2022Pace Academy Inc Atlanta, GAB$5,000paidAccelerate Pace Fund202311579349101001
2022Robeson County Public Library Lumberton, NCU$5,000paidChildren's section of the Library202311579349101001
2022Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$3,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$2,000paidDr. Charles Jenkins Educational Leadership Scholarship202311579349101001
2022Agape Community Center Inc Atlanta, GAB$2,000paidCharitable Event202311579349101001
2022Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$1,452paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$1,000paidThe Youth Fund in the Saint Francis De Sales Catholic Church202311579349101001
2022Camp Sunshine Inc Decatur, GAB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2022Alzar School Inc Cascade, IDB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101001
2021First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$8,000paidHeart Center at UNC Southeastern202232799349100413
2021Pace Academy Inc Atlanta, GAB$5,000paidAccelerate Pace Fund202232799349100413
2021Robeson County Public Library Lumberton, NCU$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Robeson County Arts Council Lumberton, NCB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$5,000paidLicensure exam fees202232799349100413
2021Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$3,000paidThe Youth Fund of St. Francis De Sales Church and maintenance of the Church202232799349100413
2021Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$2,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta Inc - Childrens He Atlanta, GAU$2,000paidThe Marcus Autism Center202232799349100413
2021Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Robeson County Church and Community Center Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidFood assistance202232799349100413
2021First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$1,500paidYouth Group Program202232799349100413
2021Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,000paidSpaying and neutering services202232799349100413
2021Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$1,000paidCARE Resource Center in the Office of Community Service and Engagement to support the food pantry or professional clothing closet on campus202232799349100413
2021Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Partnership Against Domestic Violence Decatur, GAC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Inc Rye Brook, NYU$500paidStudent of the Year, Secure the Cure202232799349100413
2021Camp Sunshine Inc Decatur, GAB$250paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2021Alzar School Inc Cascade, IDB$250paidGeneral & Unrestricted202232799349100413
2020Lumber River United Way Lumberton, NCC$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$5,000paidFOR DILLON CHRISTIAN SCHOOL IN DILLON, SC202113189349100751
2020Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$5,000paidTo support equipment in the Heart Center202113189349100751
2020Pace Academy Inc Atlanta, GAB$5,000paidAccelerate Pace Fund202113189349100751
2020First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$4,500paidFIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Fund FOR BOY SCOUTS, YOUTH GROUP and GENERAL FUND202113189349100751
2020Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$4,000paidYouth Group Program and the Parish Hall Fund202113189349100751
2020Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North Carolina Lumberton, NCU$2,000paidFor Boy's and Girl's Programs202113189349100751
2020Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta Inc Atlanta, GAU$1,500paidThe Marcus Autism Center202113189349100751
2020Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North Carolina Lumberton, NCU$1,045paidfor the electric & Heating of building202113189349100751
2020First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidYouth Group Program, Directed by Heather Miller202113189349100751
2020First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Robeson County Committee On Domestic Violence Lumberton, NCC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$500paidCARE Resource Center in the Office of Community Service and Engagement202113189349100751
2020Agape Community Center Inc Atlanta, GAB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$500paidTo Purchase food for those in need of daily meals202113189349100751
2020Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$300paidto purchase dog and cat food for animals in shelter202113189349100751
2020Georgia Interfaith Power & Light Inc Decatur, GAB$250paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2020Shepherd Center Inc Atlanta, GAB$250paidGeneral & Unrestricted202113189349100751
2019Lumberton Rescue and Emergency Medical Service Inc Lumberton, NCC$7,500paidfor two Dry Full Face Masks and Underwater Communications gear for the Dive/Water Rescue team, per OSHA guidelines202041639349100714
2019University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$3,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Soar Inc Balsam, NCB$3,000paidfor the Academy at SOAR campus at Folkmoot202041639349100714
2019Alzar School Inc Cascade, IDB$3,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$2,500paidfor the First Presbyterian Church fund for Christian Education (FISH, Tweens and Youth) and for Boy Scout Troop 301202041639349100714
2019Haiti Awake Inc Wilmington, NCB$2,500paidsupplement to the operation of the children's home when deficits arise in any given month202041639349100714
2019Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$1,545paidfor the football and wrestling programs202041639349100714
2019Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$1,500paidfor Dillon Christian School in Dillon, SC202041639349100714
2019United Way of Robeson County Inc Lumberton, NCU$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$1,500paidCharitable Event202041639349100714
2019Robeson County Church and Community Center Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$1,000paidfor the Youth Programs202041639349100714
2019Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North Carolina Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Emory University Atlanta, GAU$1,000paidWinship Cancer Institute202041639349100714
2019Monroe Camp and Retreat Center Inc Laurel Hill, NCB$500paidto benefit any needs for the summer camp activities at Camp Monroe202041639349100714
2019Chattahoochee Riverkeeper Inc Atlanta, GAC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Joanna Mcafee Childhood Cancerfoundation Inc Mary Esther, FLC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202041639349100714
2019Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$300paidspaying and neutering services202041639349100714
2018University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$5,126paidSchool of Education Scholarship fund201941339349102839
2018First Presbyterian Church Lumberton, NCU$4,500paidto support boy scout troop 301 and the fpc youth group201941339349102839
2018Southeastern Regional Medical Center Lumberton, NCU$3,000paidCharitable Event201941339349102839
2018Atlanta Memorial Park Conservancy Inc Atlanta, GAB$3,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018University of North Carolina at Pembroke Pembroke, NCB$3,000paidUNCP Emergency Education/Relief Fund201941339349102839
2018Pace Academy Inc Atlanta, GAB$2,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018United Way of Robeson County Inc Lumberton, NCU$2,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Boy Scouts of America Wilmington, NCU$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Odyssey Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Communities in Schools of Robeson County Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidCharitable Event201941339349102839
2018Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidto support the spaying and neutering of animals201941339349102839
2018Path Foundation Inc Atlanta, GAB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018First Presbyterian Church Dillon, SCU$1,500paidfor the Dillon Christian Schoool201941339349102839
2018Robeson County Church and Community Center Inc Lumberton, NCB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Trees Atlanta Inc Atlanta, GAC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Saint Francis de Sales Catholic Church Lumberton, NCD$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Lumberton Christian Care Center Lumberton, NCB$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Chattahoochee Riverkeeper Inc Atlanta, GAC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Boys & Girls Club of Lumberton North Carolina Lumberton, NCU$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Robeson County Humane Society Inc Lumberton, NCB$300paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Camp Sunshine Inc Decatur, GAB$200paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839
2018Second Chances Equine Rescue Inc Hinesville, GAB$200paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349102839

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are the matcher's inference and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Source filings

Every figure above is traceable to one of these IRS e-file returns by its OBJECT_ID.

Returns this page is derived from
FormTax yearPeriod endFiledSchemaIRS OBJECT_ID
990PF20242024-12-31not stated2024v5.2202512549349100221
990PF20232023-12-31not stated2023v5.1202432569349100108
990PF20222022-12-31not stated2022v5.0202311579349101001
990PF20212021-12-31not stated2021v4.2202232799349100413
990PF20202020-12-31not stated2020v4.1202113189349100751
990PF20192019-12-31not stated2019v5.1202041639349100714
990PF20182018-12-31not stated2018v3.1201941339349102839

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF e-file XML; recipient identities from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The same rows as Parquet: manifest; as JSON: /api/funders/270167058.json.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.