Funders › OH › The Troy Foundation › 2023
Grants paid by The Troy Foundation, tax year 2023
EIN 31-6018703 · Troy, OH · Form 990, Schedule I · NTEE T310
In tax year 2023, The Troy Foundation (EIN 31-6018703) reported 163 grants paid totaling $8,010,178. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.
Every grant, 2023
| Tax year | Recipient | Match | Amount | Type | Purpose | Source filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Miami County Auditor Troy, OH | A | $633,419 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Lincoln Community Center Troy, OH | A | $396,154 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Overfield School Troy, OH | A | $301,304 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ohio's Hospice of Miami County Troy, OH | A | $298,655 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Brukner Nature Center Troy, OH | A | $289,395 | paid | ANIMAL RELATED (WILDLIFE PROTECTION/PRESERVATION) | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Kleingers Group West Chester, OH | U | $204,100 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Robinson Reserve at Duke Park Troy, OH | A | $200,000 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Uvmc Foundation Troy, OH | A | $184,789 | paid | HEALTH | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | First United Church of Christ Troy, OH | A | $173,706 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Stadium and Turf Enhancement Project (step) Troy, OH | A | $171,895 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Schwab Charitable Orlando, FL | A | $161,571 | paid | PHILANTHROPY, VOLUNTARISM, AND GRANTMAKING | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Overfield Tavern Museum Troy, OH | A | $147,130 | paid | ARTS, CULTURE AND HUMANITIES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Pink Ribbon Good Clayton, OH | A | $145,300 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Richards Chapel United Methodist Church Troy, OH | A | $132,808 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy-Miami County Public Library Troy, OH | A | $125,847 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Health Partners Free Clinic Troy, OH | A | $120,886 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Hobart Institute of Welding Technology Troy, OH | A | $119,825 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Arbogast Performing Arts Center Troy, OH | A | $119,200 | paid | ARTS & CULTURE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Ohio State University Columbus, OH | A | $116,950 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | West Ohio Conference of the United Methodist Church Worthington, OH | A | $115,573 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Midwest Maintenance Inc Piqua, OH | U | $113,000 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St Patrick Catholic Church Troy, OH | A | $109,680 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Dental Clinic Troy, OH | A | $104,977 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tri-County Board of Recovery & Mental Health Troy, OH | A | $100,000 | paid | MENTAL HEALTH, CRISIS INTERVENTION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Priority Needs Fund of the Troy Foundation Troy, OH | A | $95,082 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Dayton Performing Arts Alliance Dayton, OH | A | $95,047 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | First United Methodist Church Troy, OH | A | $94,931 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County YMCA Piqua, OH | A | $83,304 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH | A | $82,650 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Lehman Catholic High School Sidney, OH | A | $77,267 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | University of Dayton Dayton, OH | A | $75,635 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Hamilton Badin High School Hamilton, OH | A | $75,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Fish of Troy Inc Troy, OH | A | $74,066 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy City Schools Troy, OH | A | $69,636 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | First Place Food Pantry Inc Troy, OH | A | $69,200 | paid | FOOD SERVICE, FREE FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Recreation Association Troy, OH | A | $67,994 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Community Fm - Power 1071 Wtjn Troy, OH | A | $66,900 | paid | OTHER | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Partners in Hope Inc Troy, OH | A | $64,456 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ohio University Athens, OH | A | $64,200 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Dayton Art Institute Dayton, OH | A | $63,947 | paid | ARTS & CULTURE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami Valley Veterans Museum Troy, OH | A | $62,050 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Friends of Hayner Inc Troy, OH | A | $60,189 | paid | ARTS, CULTURE AND HUMANITIES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Our Farm Sanctuary Tipp City, OH | A | $57,000 | paid | ANIMAL RELATED (WILDLIFE PROTECTION/PRESERVATION) | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Upper Valley Career Center Piqua, OH | A | $53,970 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Dayton Early College Academy Dayton, OH | A | $53,890 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | United Way of Miami County Troy, OH | A | $52,988 | paid | PHILANTHROPY, VOLUNTARISM, AND GRANTMAKING | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Clear Creek Farm Sidney, OH | A | $52,840 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tipp City Exempted Village Schools Tipp City, OH | A | $51,310 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tcn Behavioral Health Fairborn, OH | A | $41,900 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Apple Grant Charitable Checking Account Troy, OH | A | $40,031 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Wright State University Dayton, OH | A | $40,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ohio Council of Deliberation Scholarship Fund Cincinnati, OH | A | $38,524 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Family Abuse Shelter of Miami County Inc Troy, OH | A | $37,280 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tipp City Public Library Tipp City, OH | A | $37,210 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, OH | A | $37,125 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Future Begins Today Troy, OH | A | $34,603 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Wittenberg University Springfield, OH | A | $33,100 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami East Athletic Department Casstown, OH | A | $31,500 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Canine Companions for Independence Orlando, FL | A | $31,000 | paid | ANIMAL RELATED (WILDLIFE PROTECTION/PRESERVATION) | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | New Creation Counseling Center Tipp City, OH | A | $30,000 | paid | MENTAL HEALTH, CRISIS INTERVENTION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Rt Industries Troy, OH | A | $30,000 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Cisv Midwest Ohio Chapter Troy, OH | A | $29,012 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | City of Troy Ohio Troy, OH | U | $28,116 | paid | COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Hall of Fame Troy, OH | A | $28,018 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | First Presbyterian Church Troy, OH | A | $27,952 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Cedarville University Cedarville, OH | A | $26,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Main Street Inc Troy, OH | A | $25,701 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy-Hayner Cultural Center Troy, OH | A | $24,888 | paid | ARTS & CULTURE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Rehabilitation Center for Neurological Developmentnicholas School Piqua, OH | A | $24,539 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy High School Softball Parents Association Troy, OH | A | $23,800 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Oregon Printing Dayton, OH | U | $23,353 | paid | PROGRAM EXPENSE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bethel Local Schools Tipp City, OH | A | $22,883 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Senior Citizens Center Troy, OH | A | $22,799 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA | A | $22,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami University Oxford, OH | A | $22,400 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Lee University Cleveland, TN | A | $21,650 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Dollars for College Fund Troy, OH | A | $21,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St Patrick Soup Kitchen Troy, OH | A | $19,900 | paid | FOOD SERVICE, FREE FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Park District Troy, OH | A | $19,500 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Liberty University Lynchburg, VA | A | $19,100 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Wright State University Foundation Dayton, OH | A | $18,105 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Kiwanis Club of Troy Inc Troy, OH | A | $18,000 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy City Skatepark Unite Troy, OH | A | $17,700 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Kiwanis Club of Piqua K 02086 Piqua, OH | A | $17,649 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ginghamsburg Church Tipp City, OH | A | $17,500 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | City of Tipp City Ohio Tipp City, OH | U | $16,448 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Dorothy Love Retirement Community Sidney, OH | A | $16,288 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ohio Northern University Ada, OH | A | $16,250 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ohio Dominican University Columbus, OH | A | $15,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN | A | $15,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Think Tv Network Dayton, OH | A | $15,050 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Westside Neighborhood School Los Angeles, CA | A | $15,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Hodge Group Dublin, OH | U | $15,000 | paid | PROGRAM EXPENSE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Downtown Tipp City Partnership Tipp City, OH | A | $14,838 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Hospice of Miami County Inc Endowment Fund Troy, OH | A | $14,062 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Casagal of Miami County Inc Troy, OH | A | $13,500 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St John United Church of Christ Troy, OH | A | $13,457 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Visitors and Convention Bureau Troy, OH | A | $13,000 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Nature Conservancy Merrifield, VA | A | $12,700 | paid | ENVIRONMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | First Baptist Church Troy, OH | A | $12,500 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Kent State University Kent, OH | A | $12,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Public Health Department Troy, OH | A | $12,000 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Nature Conservancy Ohio Chapter Dublin, OH | A | $11,698 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bill Severt Memorial Apprentice Firefighter Fund Troy, OH | A | $11,315 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Local Food Council Troy, OH | A | $10,875 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Agricultural Society Troy, OH | A | $10,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Reading for Change Troy, OH | A | $10,343 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Edison Foundation Piqua, OH | A | $10,325 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St Vincent de Paul Society Dayton, OH | A | $10,230 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | American Red Cross - Miami Valley Ohio Chapter Dayton, OH | A | $10,225 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Salvation Army - Piqua Piqua, OH | A | $10,106 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Soar Initiative Columbus, OH | A | $10,050 | paid | MENTAL HEALTH, CRISIS INTERVENTION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Sinclair Community College Foundation Dayton, OH | A | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Kids Read Now Inc Troy, OH | A | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Hawaii Community Foundation Kahului, HI | A | $10,000 | paid | EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE (FOOD, CLOTHING, CASH) | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Skate Church Troy, OH | A | $10,000 | paid | COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Goodwill Easterseals of Miami Valley Dayton, OH | A | $10,000 | paid | MENTAL HEALTH, CRISIS INTERVENTION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Clothes That Work Dayton, OH | A | $10,000 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Families 4 Families Inc Loganville, GA | A | $10,000 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Africa Access Silver Spring, MD | A | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tipp Monroe Community Services Tipp City, OH | A | $9,800 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Junior Fair Troy, OH | A | $9,606 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Darke County Junior Fair Greenville, OH | A | $9,606 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Waco Historical Society Troy, OH | A | $9,442 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Dream Builders Group Inc Tipp City, OH | A | $9,420 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Greater Miami Valley Dayton, OH | A | $9,200 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Savannah College of Art and Design Savannah, OH | A | $9,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Foundation Bozeman, MT | A | $8,890 | paid | ENVIRONMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The Land Institute Salina, KS | A | $8,890 | paid | ENVIRONMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami Valley Council Boy Scouts of America Dayton, OH | A | $8,854 | paid | HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St Boniface Church Piqua, OH | A | $8,800 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami County Fire and Emergency Services Chiefs' Association Troy, OH | A | $8,776 | paid | PUBLIC SAFETY, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RELIEF | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miamibucs Chapter of National Ambucs Inc Troy, OH | A | $8,329 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Purdue University West Lafayette, IN | A | $8,300 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Special Olympics Ohio Westerville, OH | A | $8,286 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Miami East Local Schools Casstown, OH | A | $8,247 | paid | RECREATIONAL | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | F J Stallo Public Library Minster, OH | A | $8,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tipp City Seniors Inc Tipp City, OH | A | $7,946 | paid | ELDERLY/SENIOR CITIZENS | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bertke Creative Dayton, OH | A | $7,902 | paid | PROGRAM EXPENSE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Taylor University Upland, IN | A | $7,700 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Needy Baskets of Southern Miami County Inc Tipp City, OH | A | $7,667 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | St Paul's Church of Christ Sidney Sidney, OH | A | $7,660 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Maple Tree Cancer Alliance Dayton, OH | A | $7,500 | paid | HEALTH | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tipp Pride Association Tipp City, OH | A | $7,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Franciscan University of Steubenville Steubenville, OH | A | $7,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Appalachian State University Boone, NC | A | $7,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Grace Baptist Church Troy, OH | B | $7,288 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | University of the Cumberlands Williamsburg, KY | A | $7,200 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Brunner Literacy Center Dayton, OH | A | $7,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Ronald Mcdonald House Charities Dayton Dayton, OH | A | $7,000 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Xavier University Cincinnati, OH | A | $6,985 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Troy Christian Schools Inc Troy, OH | A | $6,548 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bethel Hope Tipp City, OH | A | $6,500 | paid | SOCIAL SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Globus Printing & Packaging Minster, OH | U | $6,500 | paid | PROGRAM EXPENSE | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Bethel Township Miami County Tipp City, OH | A | $6,350 | paid | PUBLIC SAFETY, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RELIEF | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Upper Valley Medical Center Troy, OH | A | $6,071 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | The New Path Inc Tipp City, OH | A | $5,900 | paid | HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Chicago, IL | A | $5,587 | paid | DISEASE, DISORDERS, MEDICAL DISCIPLINES | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Wilmington College Wilmington, OH | A | $5,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Tesoros de Dios Worth, IL | A | $5,500 | paid | RELIGIOUS/SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | We Love Birthday Parties Troy, OH | A | $5,500 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | Edison Community College Piqua, OH | A | $5,490 | paid | EDUCATION | 202433059349302818 |
| 2023 | We Care Arts Kettering, OH | A | $5,124 | paid | YOUTH DEVELOPMENT | 202433059349302818 |
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are the matcher's inference and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.
Derived from IRS Form 990 e-file XML. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. All years for this funder.
The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.
This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.