Grants paid by Donald & Pauline Speich Educ TR
EIN 39-6567191 · Saint Paul, WI · Form 990-PF, Part XV
Donald & Pauline Speich Educ TR of Saint Paul, WI (EIN 39-6567191) reported 125 grants paid totaling $740,105 to 45 recipients in tax years 2018–2025, on Form 990-PF, Part XV. Derived from IRS e-file data, dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.
Grants paid
$740,105
125 grants
Recipients
45
distinct organizations
Tax years
2018–2025
8 filings in the corpus
By tax year
| Tax year | Grants paid | Amount paid | Approved for future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 34 | $136,666 | — |
| 2019 | 15 | $84,196 | — |
| 2020 | 12 | $86,201 | — |
| 2021 | 14 | $87,017 | — |
| 2022 | 18 | $96,742 | — |
| 2023 | 13 | $83,095 | — |
| 2024 | 9 | $80,260 | — |
| 2025 | 10 | $85,928 | — |
Top recipients
The 45 recipients receiving the most from Donald & Pauline Speich Educ TR, by grants paid, out of 45 distinct recipients.
| Recipient | Match | Location | Grants | Total paid | Latest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UW-Lacrosse | U | Neillsville, WI | 14 | $104,617 | 2025 |
| UW-Madison 43-1607250 | C | Neillsville, WI | 7 | $65,660 | 2025 |
| UW-Stevens Point | U | Granton, WI | 7 | $55,576 | 2024 |
| UW-Eau Claire | U | Greenwood, WI | 6 | $35,818 | 2025 |
| University of Wisconsin River Falls | U | Greenwood, WI | 4 | $35,331 | 2023 |
| Carroll College | U | Greenwood, WI | 4 | $33,500 | 2021 |
| University of Wisconsin - Madison | U | Madison, WI | 2 | $30,663 | 2023 |
| Viterbo University | U | Greenwood, WI | 6 | $27,193 | 2025 |
| University of Wisconsin Eau Claire | U | Greenwood, WI | 3 | $27,045 | 2022 |
| Milwaukee School of Engineering 39-0477970 | B | Milwaukee, WI | 4 | $23,816 | 2024 |
| UW-River Falls | U | River Falls, WI | 3 | $22,857 | 2025 |
| University of Wisconsin la Crosse | U | La Crosse, WI | 1 | $21,782 | 2019 |
| University of Wisconsin Stevens Point 51-0218845 | C | Neillsville, WI | 3 | $21,414 | 2023 |
| St Norbert College 39-1399196 | C | Neillsville, WI | 6 | $20,445 | 2022 |
| UW-Green Bay | U | Neillsville, WI | 4 | $19,548 | 2022 |
| Winona State | U | Neillsville, WI | 4 | $18,200 | 2025 |
| Northcentral Technical College | U | Greenwood, WI | 2 | $15,862 | 2025 |
| University of Wisconsin Stout | U | Greenwood, WI | 2 | $14,425 | 2019 |
| UW-Oshkosh | U | Greenwood, WI | 3 | $13,650 | 2022 |
| Winona State University 23-7079002 | C | Winona, MN | 2 | $12,700 | 2023 |
| Carroll University | U | Waukesha, WI | 2 | $11,500 | 2023 |
| University of Wisconsin - Lacrosse | U | Waukesha, WI | 1 | $10,436 | 2023 |
| College of the Ozarks | U | Greenwood, WI | 2 | $10,129 | 2025 |
| Marquette University 39-0806251 | C | Neillsville, WI | 4 | $8,404 | 2023 |
| Northcentral Technical College 39-1266481 | C | Wausau, WI | 1 | $7,931 | 2023 |
| UW-Platteville 39-6051705 | C | Platteville, WI | 3 | $7,146 | 2023 |
| Wi Lutheran College | U | Milwaukee, WI | 3 | $6,498 | 2021 |
| University of Wisconsin Green Bay | U | Green Bay, WI | 2 | $6,486 | 2022 |
| UW Lacrosses | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $4,832 | 2018 |
| Trinity Int'l University 36-2216176 | B | Bannockburn, IL | 2 | $4,764 | 2022 |
| University of Wisconsin Oshkosh | U | Greenwood, WI | 1 | $4,550 | 2019 |
| Olivet Nazarene Univ | U | Neillsville, WI | 2 | $4,332 | 2019 |
| University of Mary in Bismarck 45-0273403 | D | Bismarck, ND | 1 | $4,184 | 2025 |
| University of Minnesota | U | Minneapolis, MN | 1 | $4,184 | 2025 |
| Cvtc Eau Claire | U | Neillsville, WI | 2 | $4,000 | 2019 |
| University of Northwestern St Paul | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $3,969 | 2024 |
| University of Wisconsin Milwaukee | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $3,300 | 2018 |
| Western Governors Univ | U | Great Falls, MT | 1 | $2,750 | 2018 |
| UW Marshfield Wood | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $2,200 | 2018 |
| Wi Lutheran Coll | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $2,166 | 2018 |
| Chippewa Valley Technical College 39-1233557 | C | Eau Claire, WI | 1 | $1,620 | 2022 |
| University of Wisconsin Marshfield | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $1,350 | 2019 |
| College of the Ozarks | U | Point Lookout, MO | 1 | $1,172 | 2023 |
| Western Govenors Univ | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $1,100 | 2018 |
| University of Wisconsin(uw) la Crosse | U | Neillsville, WI | 1 | $1,000 | 2019 |
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Every grant
All 125 grant rows this organization reported, most recent first.
| Tax year | Recipient | Match | Amount | Type | Purpose | Source filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | UW-Madison Greenwood, WI | C | $27,164 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | UW-River Falls Neillsville, WI | U | $12,910 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | UW-Lacrosse Greenwood, WI | U | $10,461 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | College of the Ozarks Greenwood, WI | U | $8,957 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | Northcentral Technical College Greenwood, WI | U | $7,931 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | Winona State Neillsville, WI | U | $5,953 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN | U | $4,184 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | University of Mary in Bismarck Bismarck, ND | D | $4,184 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | UW Eau-Claire Eau Claire, WI | U | $2,092 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2025 | Viterbo University La Crosse, WI | U | $2,092 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202641259349100814 |
| 2024 | UW-Madison Greenwood, WI | C | $27,861 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | UW-Lacrosse Greenwood, WI | U | $15,910 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | Northcentral Technical College Greenwood, WI | U | $7,931 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | Winona State Neillsville, WI | U | $6,747 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | UW-River Falls Neillsville, WI | U | $6,747 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | Milwaukee School of Engineering Greenwood, WI | C | $5,954 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | UW-Stevens Point Neillsville, WI | U | $3,969 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | University of Northwestern St Paul Neillsville, WI | U | $3,969 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2024 | College of the Ozarks Greenwood, WI | U | $1,172 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202521289349102802 |
| 2023 | University of Wisconsin - Madison Madison, WI | U | $16,779 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | University of Wisconsin - Lacrosse Waukesha, WI | U | $10,436 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | University of Wisconsin - River Falls River Falls, WI | U | $9,128 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Northcentral Technical College Wausau, WI | C | $7,931 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point Stevens Point, WI | B | $6,864 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Winona State University Winona, MN | C | $6,747 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee, WI | B | $5,954 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Viterbo University La Crosee, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Carroll University Waukesha, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | UW Platteville Platteville, WI | C | $2,382 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Viterbo University La Crosse, WI | U | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | Marquette University Milwaukee, WI | B | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2023 | College of the Ozarks Point Lookout, MO | U | $1,172 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202421269349100927 |
| 2022 | University of Wisconsin Madison Madison, WI | U | $13,884 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Lacrosse La Crosse, WI | U | $12,537 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Stevens Point Stevens Point, WI | U | $8,484 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | St Norbert De Pere, WI | D | $7,931 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | University of Wisconsin Eau Claire Eau Claire, WI | U | $6,170 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee, WI | B | $5,954 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | University of Wisconsin River Falls River Falls, WI | U | $5,953 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Winona State University Winona, MN | C | $5,953 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Carroll University Waukesha, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Viterbo University La Crosee, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Oshkosh Oshkosh, WI | U | $4,550 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Platteville Platteville, WI | C | $2,382 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Trinity International University Deerfield, IL | B | $2,382 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Madison Madison, WI | C | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Marquette University Milwaukee, WI | B | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | UW Green Bay Green Bay, WI | U | $1,620 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | University of Wisconsin Green Bay Green Bay, WI | U | $1,620 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2022 | Chippewa Valley Technical College Eau Claire, WI | C | $1,620 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202341289349103364 |
| 2021 | UW-Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $16,869 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW Stevens Point Greenwood, WI | U | $16,150 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Carroll College Greenwood, WI | U | $11,250 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW Eau Claire Greenwood, WI | U | $7,790 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee, WI | B | $5,954 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Viterbo University La Crosse, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW Green Bay Neillsville, WI | U | $5,406 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW-Oshkosh Greenwood, WI | U | $4,550 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW-Platteville Platteville, WI | C | $2,382 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Trinity Int'l University Bannockburn, IL | B | $2,382 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Wi Lutheran College Milwaukee, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | St Norbert College Neillsville, WI | C | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | UW Madison Greenwood, WI | C | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2021 | Marquette University Neillsville, WI | C | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202231299349102483 |
| 2020 | UW-Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $22,834 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-Stevens Point Granton, WI | U | $16,341 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | Carroll College Greenwood, WI | U | $11,250 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-Eau Claire Greenwood, WI | U | $8,336 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | Viterbo University Greenwood, WI | U | $5,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-Green Bay Neillsville, WI | U | $5,406 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-Oshkosh Greenwood, WI | U | $4,550 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-River Falls River Falls, WI | U | $3,200 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | Wi Lutheran College Milwaukee, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | St Norbert College Neillsville, WI | C | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | UW-Madison Neillsville, WI | C | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2020 | Marquette University Neillsville, WI | C | $2,101 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202101329349100435 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin la Crosse La Crosse, WI | U | $21,782 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin River Falls Greenwood, WI | U | $12,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Eau Claire Greenwood, WI | U | $11,525 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Stevens Point Neillsville, WI | C | $11,250 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | Carroll College Greenwood, WI | U | $5,500 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Green Bay Neillsville, WI | U | $4,866 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Oshkosh Greenwood, WI | U | $4,550 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | Winona State Neillsville, WI | U | $2,200 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | St Norbert College Neillsville, WI | C | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | Wi Lutheran College Neillsville, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | Olivet Nazarene Univ Neillsville, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Marshfield Neillsville, WI | U | $1,350 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin(uw) la Crosse Neillsville, WI | U | $1,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | Cvtc Eau Claire Neillsville, WI | U | $1,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202001899349100120 |
| 2019 | University of Wisconsin Stout Greenwood, WI | U | $675 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202001899349100120 |
| 2018 | University of Wisconsin Stout Greenwood, WI | U | $13,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | University of Wisconsin Eau Claire Greenwood, WI | U | $9,350 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | University of Wisconsin River Falls Greenwood, WI | U | $8,250 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Eau Claire Chippewa Falls, WI | U | $8,250 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Greenwood, WI | U | $8,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Green Bay Neillsville, WI | U | $7,116 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Carroll College Greenwood, WI | U | $5,500 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Stevens Point Greenwood, WI | U | $5,500 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Eau Claire Greenwood, WI | U | $5,500 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosses Neillsville, WI | U | $4,832 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Eau Claire Granton, WI | U | $3,850 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | St Norbert College Neillsville, WI | C | $3,850 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Winona State Neillsville, WI | U | $3,300 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Stevens Point Neillsville, WI | U | $3,300 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | University of Wisconsin Stevens Point Neillsville, WI | C | $3,300 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Neillsville, WI | U | $3,300 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $3,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Cvtc Eau Claire Neillsville, WI | U | $3,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $3,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $3,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Western Governors Univ Great Falls, MT | U | $2,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Madison Greenwood, WI | C | $2,500 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Marshfield Wood Neillsville, WI | U | $2,200 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $2,200 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Wi Lutheran Coll Neillsville, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Marshfield, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | St Norbert College Neillsville, WI | C | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Olivet Nazarene Univ Neillsville, WI | U | $2,166 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Stevens Point Neillsville, WI | U | $1,832 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Madison Neillsville, WI | C | $1,832 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $1,374 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | Western Govenors Univ Neillsville, WI | U | $1,100 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 201901229349101130 |
| 2018 | UW Lacrosse Neillsville, WI | U | $1,100 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 201901229349101130 |
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are the matcher's inference and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.
Source filings
Every figure above is traceable to one of these IRS e-file returns by its OBJECT_ID.
| Form | Tax year | Period end | Filed | Schema | IRS OBJECT_ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 990PF | 2025 | 2025-12-31 | not stated | 2025v4.0 | 202641259349100814 |
| 990PF | 2024 | 2024-12-31 | not stated | 2024v5.1 | 202521289349102802 |
| 990PF | 2023 | 2023-12-31 | not stated | 2023v5.0 | 202421269349100927 |
| 990PF | 2022 | 2022-12-31 | not stated | 2022v5.0 | 202341289349103364 |
| 990PF | 2021 | 2021-12-31 | not stated | 2021v4.1 | 202231299349102483 |
| 990PF | 2020 | 2020-12-31 | not stated | 2020v4.0 | 202101329349100435 |
| 990PF | 2019 | 2019-12-31 | not stated | 2019v5.0 | 202001899349100120 |
| 990PF | 2018 | 2018-12-31 | not stated | 2018v3.0 | 201901229349101130 |
Derived from IRS Form 990-PF e-file XML; recipient identities from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The same rows as Parquet: manifest; as JSON: /api/funders/396567191.json.
The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.
This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.