funder-graph › Recipients
Who funds Jewish Resource Center
EIN 27-3448777 · Ann Arbor, MI · NTEE X30
Jewish Resource Center of Ann Arbor, MI (EIN 27-3448777) was named as a grant recipient by 50 funders in 116 grants paid totaling $1,902,802 in tax years 2018–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.
Grants received
$1,902,802
116 grants paid
Funders
50
distinct grantmakers
Tax years
2018–2025
as reported by funders
Funders
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Grants
The 116 most recent grants naming this organization.
| Tax year | Funder | Recipient | Match | Amount | Type | Purpose | Source filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $113,592 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202601389349301700 |
| 2025 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $46,898 | paid | IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202640629349300234 |
| 2025 | Donor Advised Charitable Giving Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $24,640 | paid | RELIGION RELATED | 202611199349300601 |
| 2025 | The Sidman Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Northwestern Southfiel, MI | C | $20,000 | paid | CASH DONATION | 202543209349100259 |
| 2025 | Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $14,050 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202621329349306657 |
| 2025 | National Philanthropic Trust | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $13,600 | paid | EDUCATION | 202601289349302480 |
| 2025 | The Sidman Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Northwestern Southfiel, MI | C | $5,000 | paid | CASH DONATION | 202543209349100259 |
| 2025 | The Sigmund and Sophie Rohlik Foundation C/O Paul P Baker & Company Pllc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,000 | paid | GENERAL FUND | 202532979349100803 |
| 2025 | Seymor & Pearl Greenstein Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO FURTHER JEWISH EDUCATION IN THE JEWISH COMMUNITY | 202631269349101428 |
| 2025 | Walter & Naomi Chucnin Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202631359349102098 |
| 2024 | Morasha Olami Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $213,448 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202543219349325004 |
| 2024 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $62,666 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202521349349310887 |
| 2024 | Gs Donor Advised Philanthropy Fund for Wealth Management Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $37,500 | paid | COMMUNITY & HUMAN SERVICES | 202503109349303645 |
| 2024 | Paypal Charitable Giving Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $30,342 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202533079349301308 |
| 2024 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $11,860 | paid | IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202500369349300210 |
| 2024 | The Coville-Triest Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Southfield, MI | C | $10,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED | 202523199349100342 |
| 2024 | Community Foundation for Southeast Michigan | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $10,000 | paid | RELIGION-RELATED | 202533219349318238 |
| 2024 | Jewish Federation of Cleveland | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $7,360 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202501339349303335 |
| 2024 | J David & Rebecca Heller Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $7,200 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202531339349304358 |
| 2024 | Greater Miami Jewish Federation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $6,840 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202531359349315538 |
| 2024 | Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $6,000 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202511349349313096 |
| 2024 | Foundation for the Preservation & Perpetuation of Torah Laws & Customs | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $6,000 | paid | General Support | 202503099349303030 |
| 2024 | United Jewish Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $5,650 | paid | TO PROVIDE JEWISH OUTREACH TO COLLEGE STUDENTS | 202433399349301513 |
| 2024 | Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $5,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED GENERAL SUPPORT | 202503239349300435 |
| 2024 | Robert and Michelle Diener Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $5,000 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202503219349100780 |
| 2024 | The Sigmund and Sophie Rohlik Foundation C/O Paul P Baker & Company Pllc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,000 | paid | GENERAL FUND | 202412349349100601 |
| 2024 | The Sidman Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Northwestern Southfiel, MI | C | $2,500 | paid | CASH DONATION | 202423199349103477 |
| 2024 | Seymor & Pearl Greenstein Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO FURTHER JEWISH EDUCATION IN THE JEWISH COMMUNITY | 202541339349102199 |
| 2024 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 202543129349100314 |
| 2024 | The Shoulberg Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,500 | paid | GENERAL | 202532039349100213 |
| 2024 | Today Is a Good Day Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,125 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202520219349100107 |
| 2024 | Lee and Maxine Peck Foundation C/O Gary Schwarcz | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | CAMPUS OUTLET FOR JUDAISM INVOLVEMNT | 202512519349100711 |
| 2024 | Walter & Naomi Chucnin Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202541299349100424 |
| 2024 | The Power Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | OPERATING SUPPORT | 202511329349102606 |
| 2024 | Edward and Norma Jean Meer Charitable Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | GENERAL USE | 202541289349101859 |
| 2024 | Kaufman Foundation Inc | The Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $950 | paid | UNRESTRICTED | 202511329349100416 |
| 2024 | Borsand Family Foundation Inc | The Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $180 | paid | EDUCATION | 202533089349101358 |
| 2024 | Jpmorgan Chase Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $120 | paid | MATCHING CONTRIBUTION (GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT) | 202531699349100608 |
| 2023 | Morasha Olami Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $222,278 | paid | General Support | 202413199349309436 |
| 2023 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $57,358 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202441369349301334 |
| 2023 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $26,860 | paid | RELIGION RELATED | 202411039349301716 |
| 2023 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $13,280 | paid | IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202410969349301036 |
| 2023 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $10,759 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202410469349300741 |
| 2023 | The Coville-Triest Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Southfield, MI | C | $10,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED | 202402259349100750 |
| 2023 | J David & Rebecca Heller Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $10,000 | paid | SUPPORT FOR ISRAEL TRIP | 202441359349300914 |
| 2023 | Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $8,100 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202441359349309439 |
| 2023 | National Philanthropic Trust | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $5,720 | paid | RELIGION | 202431429349301368 |
| 2023 | Gila and David Kolb Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $5,000 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202402009349100705 |
| 2023 | Walter & Naomi Chucnin Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,600 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202400579349100510 |
| 2023 | The Sigmund and Sophie Rohlik Foundation C/O Paul P Baker & Company Pllc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,800 | paid | GENERAL FUND | 202400299349100750 |
| 2023 | Seymor & Pearl Greenstein Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO FURTHER JEWISH EDUCATION IN THE JEWISH COMMUNITY | 202431359349104163 |
| 2023 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 202421599349100002 |
| 2023 | Gila and David Kolb Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,680 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202402009349100705 |
| 2023 | The Shoulberg Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | GENERAL | 202431729349100408 |
| 2023 | The Emily and Ted Sherman Charitable Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED CHARITABLE GIFT | 202401389349101300 |
| 2023 | The Bank of America Charitable Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $250 | paid | PROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT | 202411309349100126 |
| 2023 | Jpmorgan Chase Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $120 | paid | GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT | 202443059349101309 |
| 2023 | Malis and Stern Family Foundation Inc | The Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $55 | paid | Charitable - religious | 202421259349100012 |
| 2023 | Amazonsmile Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $25 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202540919349100629 |
| 2022 | Morasha Olami Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $216,391 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202303179349311240 |
| 2022 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $30,970 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202321309349304807 |
| 2022 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $30,970 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202430459349302913 |
| 2022 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $12,740 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202330479349300013 |
| 2022 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $12,510 | paid | RELIGION RELATED | 202330939349300403 |
| 2022 | Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Chicago | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $10,500 | paid | Grants from Donor Advised Funds - Operating Support | 202321329349306107 |
| 2022 | The Coville-Triest Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Southfield, MI | C | $10,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED | 202313109349100116 |
| 2022 | Walter & Naomi Chucnin Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $5,000 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202312969349100621 |
| 2022 | Robert and Michelle Diener Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $5,000 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202333199349101178 |
| 2022 | The Keren Yitzchak Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,600 | paid | RELIGIOUS ENDEAVORS | 202301569349101355 |
| 2022 | The Domansky Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,600 | paid | UNRESTRICTED GENERAL SUPPORT | 202301359349103335 |
| 2022 | Saul Schottenstein Foundation D C/O Arshot Investment Corporation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,500 | paid | GENERAL OBLIGATIONS | 202323129349101012 |
| 2022 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 202311629349100201 |
| 2022 | Gila and David Kolb Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,500 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202343199349108364 |
| 2022 | The Sorala Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Southfield, MI | C | $1,420 | paid | General and Unrestricted | 202340469349100449 |
| 2022 | Seymor & Pearl Greenstein Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Sann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | TO FURTHER JEWISH EDUCATION IN THE JEWISH COMMUNITY | 202311359349104536 |
| 2022 | The Emily and Ted Sherman Charitable Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | UNRESTRICTED CHARITABLE GIFT | 202301329349103330 |
| 2022 | The Meer Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $500 | paid | GENERAL USE | 202311319349102666 |
| 2022 | Zell and Myrna Hurwitz Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $360 | paid | GENERAL OPERATIONS | 202340239349100614 |
| 2022 | Jpmorgan Chase Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $108 | paid | GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT | 202322839349100212 |
| 2022 | Amazonsmile Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $50 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202313119349100141 |
| 2021 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $25,740 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202221339349302787 |
| 2021 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $14,500 | paid | General support | 202240409349300049 |
| 2021 | Greater Miami Jewish Federation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $11,800 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT TO CARRY OUT THE MISSION OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202231369349309353 |
| 2021 | The Arthur & Joyce Fein Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | C | $4,500 | paid | Social Welfare | 202241309349103134 |
| 2021 | The Domansky Family Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,600 | paid | UNRESTRICTED GENERAL SUPPORT | 202201369349105330 |
| 2021 | The Sigmund and Sophie Rohlik Foundation C/O Paul P Baker & Company Pllc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | GENERAL FUND | 202210549349100311 |
| 2021 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 202242169349100959 |
| 2021 | The Keren Yitzchak Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,800 | paid | RELIGIOUS ENDEAVORS | 202201199349101420 |
| 2021 | Today Is a Good Day Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $500 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202240529349100304 |
| 2021 | Zell and Myrna Hurwitz Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $360 | paid | GENERAL OPERATIONS | 202240419349100324 |
| 2021 | Edward and Norma Jean Meer Charitable Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $360 | paid | GENERAL USE | 202241259349100039 |
| 2021 | Jpmorgan Chase Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $144 | paid | GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT | 202232809349100618 |
| 2020 | Morasha Olami Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $162,385 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202143159349306359 |
| 2020 | The Coville-Triest Family Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Southfield, MI | C | $72,500 | paid | UNRESTRICTED | 202123139349101002 |
| 2020 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $17,760 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202121359349300427 |
| 2020 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $12,380 | paid | General support | 202110399349300631 |
| 2020 | Saul Schottenstein Foundation D C/O Arshot Investment Corporation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $10,800 | paid | GENERAL OPERATIONS | 202113129349100026 |
| 2020 | V'hechzakta Bo | Jewish Resource Center | D | $10,000 | paid | FINANCIAL SUPPORT | 202341519349300344 |
| 2020 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 202102159349101050 |
| 2020 | Robert and Michelle Diener Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,800 | paid | RELIGIOUS | 202103199349101205 |
| 2020 | The Sigmund and Sophie Rohlik Foundation C/O Paul P Baker & Company Pllc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | GENERAL FUND | 202110609349100111 |
| 2020 | Lee and Maxine Peck Foundation C/O Gary Schwarcz | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,000 | paid | CAMPUS OUTLET FOR JUDAISM INVOLVEMNT | 202143149349100104 |
| 2020 | The Naomi & Walter Chucnin Foundati | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $720 | paid | CHARITABLE GIFT | 202102289349100505 |
| 2020 | Mbia Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $100 | paid | GENERAL OPERATING PURPOSE | 202141979349100304 |
| 2020 | Amazonsmile Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $33 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202113199349100901 |
| 2019 | The Milton and Lois Shiffman Family Support Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $50,000 | paid | TO SUPPORT THE JEWISH COMMUNITY | 202030379349300628 |
| 2019 | National Society for Hebrew Day Schools | Bais Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $12,000 | paid | CHARITABLE | 202020909349300917 |
| 2019 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Mi Ann Arbor, MI | A | $11,900 | paid | General Support | 202000429349300605 |
| 2019 | Greater Miami Jewish Federation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $10,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT TO CARRY OUT THE MISSION OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202031979349303158 |
| 2019 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $8,040 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202041789349301474 |
| 2019 | Fjc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | A | $7,200 | paid | GENERAL OPERATING | 202020279349301317 |
| 2018 | Jewish Communal Fund | Jewish Resource Center - Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI | A | $12,180 | paid | General Support | 201930309349300313 |
| 2018 | Swig Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,600 | paid | A campus organization providing trips, Shabbat meals, internships, and many other Jewish experiences. | 201942749349100109 |
| 2018 | Dvaykus Foundation Inc | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $3,000 | paid | TO ASSIST NON PROFIT ACHIEVE ITS NON PROFIT PURPOSE OF JEWSIH EDUCATION AND ACTIVITIES | 201901649349100000 |
| 2018 | Lee and Maxine Peck Foundation C/O Gary Schwarcz | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $2,000 | paid | CAMPUS OUTLET FOR JUDAISM INVOLVEMNT | 201932699349100403 |
| 2018 | Swig Foundation | Jewish Resource Center Ann Arbor, MI | B | $1,475 | paid | A campus organization providing trips, Shabbat meals, internships, and many other Jewish experiences. | 201942749349100109 |
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.
Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.
The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.
This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.