funder-graph

funder-graph › Recipients

Who funds Global Poverty Project Inc

EIN 42-1772557 · New York, NY · NTEE V30

Global Poverty Project Inc of New York, NY (EIN 42-1772557) was named as a grant recipient by 44 funders in 107 grants paid totaling $54,529,359 in tax years 2017–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

Grants received

$54,529,359

107 grants paid

Funders

44

distinct grantmakers

Tax years

2017–2025

as reported by funders

Approved for future payment

$28,686,373

not included in grants received

Funders

Grantmakers ranked by total paid to Global Poverty Project Inc
FunderStateMatchGrantsTotal paidLatest year
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 56-2618866WABC18$17,264,6912024
The Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation 47-6032365NEBCD6$16,510,4232025
Schwab Charitable Fund 31-1640316CAA8$6,201,7002025
Gs Donor Advised Philanthropy Fund for Wealth Management Inc 31-1774905NYA1$2,616,0002024
The Rockefeller Foundation 13-1659629NYB1$2,500,0002023
Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust Inc 52-7082731INA1$1,500,0002024
Silicon Valley Community Foundation 20-5205488CAA2$1,100,0002022
National Philanthropic Trust 23-7825575PAA4$838,2502025
Paypal Charitable Giving Fund 45-0931286DCA1$750,9312024
The Seabreeze Foundation 80-0004702NYCD4$610,0002022
Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors Inc 13-3615533NYA3$600,0002024
Pepsico Foundation Inc 13-6163174NYB2$510,0002023
Tides Foundation 51-0198509CAA1$500,0002023
Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund 11-0303001MAA8$493,6002025
New Venture Fund 20-5806345DCA3$450,0002020
Windward Fund 47-3522162DCA1$250,0002024
Mastercard Impact Fund 82-4717403NYC1$250,0002022
Charities Aid Foundation America 43-1634280VAA1$226,1282021
Earth Island Institute Inc 94-2889684CAA1$200,0002024
Tisbest Philanthropy 20-8630809WAA5$175,0002025
Wallace Global Fund II 80-0424607DCB1$150,0002020
The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift Fund 11-3813663NYA5$142,5002021
Vitalogy Foundation 20-1030462TNA2$102,7282022
Hoffman Brothers Foundation Inc 45-1071016NYC1$100,0002021
Community Foundation of New Jersey 22-2281783NJA1$100,0002020
The Brady Hunter Foundation Inc 92-2272842FLB1$75,0002024
Jewish Communal Fund 23-7174183NYA2$71,0002024
Ok Foundation 87-0643214UTA1$50,0002024
Global Impact 52-1273585VAA2$35,0002023
Universal Music All Together Now Foundation Inc 85-1393552CAB1$25,0002024
Points of Light Foundation 65-0206641GAA1$25,0002021
Wasserman Foundation 95-6038762CAB2$20,0002023
American Online Giving Foundation Inc 81-0739440DEA2$16,7742023
The Barry and Mimi Sternlicht Foundation 81-3797200DEBC3$15,0002023
M K Reichert Sternlicht Foundation 81-0807556DEB1$12,0002023
Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program 23-2888152PAA1$11,0002022
Wiseheart Foundation Inc 45-5085493TNA1$10,0002021
Network for Good 68-0480736DCA1$8,2452018
Pledgeling Foundation 46-2440594CAA1$6,9642024
The Tow Foundation Inc 06-6484045CTC1$4,0002021
J J Segal Foundation 02-0694092DEB1$1,5002022
Crennel Family Foundation 47-1867691DEC1$5002018
The Jamf Nation Global Foundation 46-1591030MNC1$4002020
Assurant Foundation 13-3156497GAB1$252024

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Grants

The 112 most recent grants naming this organization.

Grants to Global Poverty Project Inc as reported by funders
Tax yearFunderRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2025The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$5,001,126paidPROGRAM SUPPORT202641319349100634
2025Donor Advised Charitable Giving IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$386,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202611199349300601
2025Tisbest PhilanthropyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$50,000paidSEE TISBEST MISSION202640229349300809
2025National Philanthropic TrustGlobal Poverty Project Inc DBA Global Citizen New York, NYA$25,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202601289349302480
2025Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$7,000paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202601389349301700
2024The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYB$5,013,023paidPROGRAM SUPPORT202503209349100665
2024Gs Donor Advised Philanthropy Fund for Wealth Management IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$2,616,000paidMEDICAL / PUBLIC SERVICES202503109349303645
2024Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$2,250,000paidAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY202523189349103667
2024Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$1,500,000paidUNRESTRICTED GENERAL SUPPORT202503239349300435
2024Paypal Charitable Giving FundGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYA$750,931paidGENERAL SUPPORT202533079349301308
2024Donor Advised Charitable Giving IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$402,100paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202541069349300729
2024Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$306,000paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202521349349310887
2024Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors IncGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$300,000paidENVIRONMENT202513189349306886
2024Windward FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$250,000paidENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS202513159349305886
2024Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$220,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202523189349103667
2024Earth Island Institute IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc DBA Global Citizen New York, NYA$200,000paidGeneral support202501349349310755
2024Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$150,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202523189349103667
2024Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$150,000approved, futureGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202523189349103667
2024Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$130,000approved, futureGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202523189349103667
2024The Brady Hunter Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$75,000paidPAYMENTS FOR SUPPORTING THE PROGRAM202523219349105092
2024Tisbest PhilanthropyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$50,000paidSEE TISBEST MISSION202541029349300814
2024Ok FoundationGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$50,000paidGeneral support202512309349301371
2024Universal Music All Together Now Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$25,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202503019349101600
2024Jewish Communal FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$20,000paidIN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE202500369349300210
2024Pledgeling FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYA$6,964paidGENERAL202542539349301674
2024Assurant FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$25paidFinancial Assistance202523039349100402
2023The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$20,006,373approved, futurePROGRAM SUPPORT202401369349103710
2023The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$4,993,627paidPROGRAM SUPPORT202401369349103710
2023Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$4,273,500paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202411039349301716
2023Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$2,850,000paidAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY202433189349102233
2023The Rockefeller FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$2,500,000paidIN SUPPORT OF AN EFFORT TO CREATE GREATER EQUITY FOR LOW- AND MID-INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN ACCESSING FINANCING TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE, POVERTY, AND THE FOOD CRISIS202403139349100635
2023Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$750,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202433189349102233
2023Tides FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$500,000paidEQUITY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT202412739349300401
2023Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$250,000paidRESEARCH AND LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES202433189349102233
2023Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors IncGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$200,000paidGENERAL202433159349300308
2023Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$112,700paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202441369349301334
2023Jewish Communal FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$51,000paidIN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE202410969349301036
2023Tisbest PhilanthropyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$25,000paidSEE TISBEST MISSION202410859349300116
2023Global ImpactGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$25,000paidGeneral202430949349301738
2023M K Reichert Sternlicht FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$12,000paidCharitable Event202443199349106179
2023Wasserman FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$10,000paidNew York Fishing Classic202443199349105639
2023Global ImpactGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$10,000paidDonor202430949349301738
2023Wasserman FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$10,000paidGlobal Citizen Fishing Tournament202443199349105639
2023Pepsico Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202443199349101039
2023American Online Giving Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$6,343paidGENERAL SUPPORT202410469349300741
2023The Barry and Mimi Sternlicht FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202432989349101303
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$6,800,000approved, futureAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$1,204,322paidENTERIC AND DIARRHEAL DISEASES; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; PNEUMONIA; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$1,000,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202303179349101020
2022The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$500,664paidPROJECT SUPPORT202341329349101219
2022Pepsico Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$500,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202323139349100132
2022Silicon Valley Community FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$500,000paidCommunity Development202333189349318948
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$350,000paidEMPOWER WOMEN AND GIRLS202303179349101020
2022Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$276,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202330939349300403
2022Mastercard Impact FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$250,000paidDISCRETIONARY - COVID-19202323179349104137
2022The Seabreeze FoundationGlobal Poverty Project (global Citizen) New York, NYD$200,000paidUNRESTRICTED GENERAL202302759349101300
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$170,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$170,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$150,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$150,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; PNEUMONIA202303179349101020
2022Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$150,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202303179349101020
2022Vanguard Charitable Endowment ProgramGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$11,000paidFor recipient's exempt purpose202331359349303108
2022American Online Giving Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$10,431paidGENERAL SUPPORT202340469349301209
2022Vitalogy FoundationGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$8,228paidto equip young people with tools to become changemakers and ethical leaders202323149349303847
2022Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$6,800paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202321309349304807
2022Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$6,800paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202430459349302913
2022The Barry and Mimi Sternlicht FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$5,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202303049349100710
2022J J Segal FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYB$1,500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311369349101156
2021The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYC$501,983paidPROJECT SUPPORT202211339349103906
2021The Seabreeze FoundationGlobal Poverty Project (global Citizen) New York, NYD$300,000paidUNRESTRICTED GENERAL202201889349100910
2021Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$274,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202230499349301028
2021Charities Aid Foundation AmericaGlobal Poverty Project LLC Aka Global Citizen New York, NYA$226,128paidCHARITABLE DONATION202220739349300922
2021Hoffman Brothers Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYC$100,000paidSUPPORTS ENDING POVERTY202221339349100802
2021The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$56,000paidINTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMS202201039349301630
2021Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$29,300paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202221339349302787
2021The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$27,000paidCOMMUNITY OUTREACH & ENRICHMENT PROGRAMS202201039349301630
2021Points of Light FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYA$25,000paidVOLUNTEER SUPPORT202232249349301973
2021National Philanthropic TrustGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$10,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202231339349309863
2021Wiseheart Foundation IncGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$10,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202113199349305366
2021The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$5,000paidDISASTER RELIEF202201039349301630
2021The Tow Foundation IncGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$4,000paid2021 DIRECTOR'S DISCRETIONARY GRANT FOR GLOBAL CITIZEN CONCERT202242799349100014
2020Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$2,137,000paidDELIVERY OF SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE GLOBAL HEALTH; ENTERIC AND DIARRHEAL DISEASES; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; PNEUMONIA; POLIO202143159349100004
2020Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$1,000,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS202143159349100004
2020Silicon Valley Community FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$600,000paidSciences202103199349327615
2020The Susan Thompson Buffett FoundationGlobal Poverty Projectglobal Citizen New York, NYD$500,000paidPROJECT SUPPORT202141339349101639
2020National Philanthropic TrustGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$403,250paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202121459349300307
2020New Venture FundGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$250,000paidCIVIL RIGHTS, SOCIAL ACTION, ADVOCACY202113169349310971
2020Wallace Global Fund IIGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYB$150,000paidSUPPORT TO PROTECT AND EXPAND DEMOCRATIC SYSTEMS202143149349101359
2020Community Foundation of New JerseyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$100,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202142999349301249
2020Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors IncGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$100,000paidGENERAL202143139349300424
2020Vitalogy FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYA$94,500paid$70,000 FOR CURTIS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM MANAGER SALARY FOR 2020; $14,500 IN-KIND DONATION FOR WILLIAMSWORKS DELIVERABLES; $10,000 FOR JUST VOTE CAMPAIGN202132859349302358
2020Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$90,050paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202140489349301804
2020The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$32,500paidCOMMUNITY OUTREACH & ENRICHMENT PROGRAMS202120839349300137
2020Tisbest PhilanthropyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$25,000paidSee TisBest mission.202141339349304424
2020The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$22,000paidINTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMS202120839349300137
2020Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc Morganville, NJA$17,500paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202121359349300427
2020The Seabreeze FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$10,000paidUNRESTRICTED GENERAL202101199349101005
2020The Barry and Mimi Sternlicht FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$5,000paidTo support Global Citizen's general operations, work projects and initiatives202102719349101450
2020The Jamf Nation Global FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$400paidHUMAN SERVICES202143169349104669
2019Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$250,050paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202010489349300101
2019The Seabreeze FoundationGlobal Poverty Project New York, NYC$100,000paidUNRESTRICTED GENERAL202011209349100611
2019New Venture FundGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$100,000paidYOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION202043389349300039
2019New Venture FundGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$100,000paidYOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION202043389349300039
2019Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$7,500paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202041789349301474
2018National Philanthropic TrustGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$400,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT201921359349311817
2018Schwab Charitable FundGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$250,000paidHEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES201930459349302018
2018Tisbest PhilanthropyGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYA$25,000paidSee TisBest mission.201941299349301659
2018Network for GoodGlobal Citizen New York, NYA$8,245paidUnrestricted201941789349300019
2018Crennel Family FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201941339349100789
2017Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$3,813,369paidAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY; WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE201941489349100174
2017Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$1,600,000approved, futureAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; POLIO; VACCINE DELIVERY; WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE201941489349100174
2017Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationGlobal Poverty Project Inc New York, NYC$500,000paidGLOBAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ANALYSIS201941489349100174

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.