funder-graph › Recipients
Who funds Rockhurst University
EIN 44-0545813 · Kansas City, MO · NTEE B430
Rockhurst University of Kansas City, MO (EIN 44-0545813) was named as a grant recipient by 42 funders in 131 grants paid totaling $11,255,303 in tax years 2018–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.
Grants received
$11,255,303
131 grants paid
Funders
42
distinct grantmakers
Tax years
2018–2025
as reported by funders
Funders
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Grants
The 131 most recent grants naming this organization.
| Tax year | Funder | Recipient | Match | Amount | Type | Purpose | Source filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Great Jobs Kc Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $874,002 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINES | 202523219349307392 |
| 2025 | Donor Advised Charitable Giving Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $560,100 | paid | EDUCATION | 202611199349300601 |
| 2025 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $153,350 | paid | EDUCATION | 202601289349302480 |
| 2025 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $79,300 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202601389349301700 |
| 2025 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $59,928 | paid | Grants/Scholarships | 202631779349300603 |
| 2025 | Charities Aid Foundation America | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $28,249 | paid | CHARITABLE DONATION | 202610489349300906 |
| 2025 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $25,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202631349349313703 |
| 2025 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $12,280 | paid | MATCHING GIFTS | 202631349349313703 |
| 2025 | Community Foundation of the Ozarks Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,000 | paid | SPECIFIC PROGRAM | 202601339349306255 |
| 2025 | Miller-Mellor Association | Rockhurst University Endowment Kansas City, MO | D | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATIONAL, CULTURAL & OTHER ORGANIZATIONS (SEE ATTACHED STATEMENT) | 202512979349100116 |
| 2024 | Greater Kansas City Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $1,763,257 | paid | Education | 202533189349314033 |
| 2024 | Great Jobs Kc Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $874,624 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINES | 202513179349309496 |
| 2024 | Donor Advised Charitable Giving Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $553,417 | paid | EDUCATION | 202541069349300729 |
| 2024 | Saint Lukes Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $293,416 | paid | Medical Education | 202533179349307438 |
| 2024 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $100,091 | paid | Grants/Scholarships | 202511789349300711 |
| 2024 | Catherin V Merrill Foundation Co Christine Demareah Elvin Knight | Rockhurst University Scholarship Kansas City, MO | D | $100,000 | paid | CHARITABLE USES OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202543219349104304 |
| 2024 | Greater Horizons | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $71,400 | paid | Education | 202513189349309621 |
| 2024 | The Sosland Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | C | $62,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202533219349101443 |
| 2024 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $55,300 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202521349349310887 |
| 2024 | Bjc Health System Group Return | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $40,000 | paid | SUPPORT FOR HIGHER EDUCATION | 202533219349324948 |
| 2024 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $35,000 | paid | DONOR ADVISED FUND | 202511349349306806 |
| 2024 | Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $25,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202513189349313331 |
| 2024 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $24,806 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202512619349301606 |
| 2024 | Community Foundation of the Ozarks Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $16,000 | paid | SPECIFIC PROGRAM | 202541139349300639 |
| 2024 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,080 | paid | MATCHING GIFTS | 202511349349306806 |
| 2024 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,500 | paid | RELIGION | 202511339349301311 |
| 2024 | Folds of Honor Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansascity, MO | A | $10,143 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP | 202542469349301579 |
| 2024 | Culver's Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Harrisonville, MO | C | $10,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIP(S) FOR RECIPIENT(S) PAID DIRECTLY TO SCHOOL | 202543179349100619 |
| 2024 | Rancho Santa Fe Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202523019349301567 |
| 2024 | The US Charitable Gift Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $9,500 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202533189349305673 |
| 2024 | Charities Aid Foundation America | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $7,500 | paid | CHARITABLE DONATION | 202530589349300723 |
| 2024 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $6,405 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202530159349302758 |
| 2024 | Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,498 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202511349349313096 |
| 2024 | Truman Heartland Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $0 + $18,000 non-cash | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202503169349309125 |
| 2023 | Great Jobs Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $847,351 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINES | 202431359349307743 |
| 2023 | Saint Lukes Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $208,081 | paid | Medical Education | 202443199349315004 |
| 2023 | Catherin V Merrill Foundation Co Christine Demareah Elvin Knight | Rockhurst University Scholarship Kansas City, MO | D | $100,000 | paid | CHARITABLE USES OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202433189349104168 |
| 2023 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $79,800 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202441369349301334 |
| 2023 | The Sosland Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | C | $62,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202511499349100816 |
| 2023 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $60,067 | paid | EDUCATION | 202411039349301716 |
| 2023 | St Lukes Hospital of Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $40,000 | paid | Community Support | 202433199349315133 |
| 2023 | Communityamerica Credit Union | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $35,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202403129349304215 |
| 2023 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $18,770 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202441299349302204 |
| 2023 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $15,160 | paid | Grants/Scholarships | 202401799349300305 |
| 2023 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $14,482 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202410469349300741 |
| 2023 | Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,500 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202441359349309439 |
| 2023 | Community Foundation of the Ozarks Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,000 | paid | SPECIFIC PROGRAM | 202401279349303310 |
| 2023 | Miller-Mellor Association | Rockhurst University Endowment Kansas City, MO | D | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATIONAL, CULTURAL & OTHER ORGANIZATIONS (SEE ATTACHED STATEMENT) | 202400299349100220 |
| 2023 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | DONOR ADVISED FUND | 202411369349301216 |
| 2023 | Tulsa Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202433209349321258 |
| 2023 | The New York Community Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $9,000 | paid | FOR A SCHOLARSHIP AWARD. | 202443179349309079 |
| 2023 | The US Charitable Gift Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,500 | paid | FOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE | 202431319349304428 |
| 2023 | Deloitte Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $7,500 | paid | FY'22 MATCHING GIFTS | 202420459349300702 |
| 2023 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $6,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202431429349301368 |
| 2023 | Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $0 + $25,000 non-cash | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202413209349307296 |
| 2022 | Kansas City Scholars Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $724,932 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINES | 202311329349304751 |
| 2022 | Saint Lukes Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $145,990 | paid | Medical Education | 202343189349314074 |
| 2022 | Catherin V Merrill Foundation Co Christine Demareah Elvin Knight | Rockhurst University Scholarship Kansas City, MO | D | $100,000 | paid | CHARITABLE USES OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202323189349105582 |
| 2022 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $99,517 | paid | EDUCATION | 202330939349300403 |
| 2022 | Local Initiatives Support Corporation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $90,000 | paid | SEE PART IV | 202313119349302196 |
| 2022 | The Sosland Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | C | $62,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202343199349109014 |
| 2022 | St Lukes Hospital of Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $40,000 | paid | Community Support | 202313189349314406 |
| 2022 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $30,750 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202430459349302913 |
| 2022 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | First Presbyterian Church Boise, ID | A | $30,750 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202321309349304807 |
| 2022 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $26,000 | paid | DONOR ADVISED FUND | 202341329349308129 |
| 2022 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $21,935 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202311319349306406 |
| 2022 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $18,563 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202340469349301209 |
| 2022 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $16,932 | paid | Scholarships/Grants | 202331449349300303 |
| 2022 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $15,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202311359349313966 |
| 2022 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $12,100 | paid | MATCHING GIFTS | 202341329349308129 |
| 2022 | Kansas City University | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | OPERATIONS | 202330539349301213 |
| 2022 | Tulsa Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,750 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202323199349323297 |
| 2022 | Deloitte Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,500 | paid | FY'21 MATCHING GIFTS | 202310169349300001 |
| 2022 | Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $0 + $25,000 non-cash | paid | General Support | 202343139349301919 |
| 2022 | Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $0 + $25,000 non-cash | paid | General Support | 202343139349301919 |
| 2021 | Kansas City Scholars Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $467,036 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINE | 202103169349302715 |
| 2021 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $115,500 | paid | EDUCATION | 202231339349309863 |
| 2021 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $81,020 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202221339349302787 |
| 2021 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $79,400 | paid | EDUCATION | 202230499349301028 |
| 2021 | Communityamerica Credit Union | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $35,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202202809349300115 |
| 2021 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $19,255 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202201369349310880 |
| 2021 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $12,375 | paid | Matching Gifts | 202231339349307578 |
| 2021 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,197 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202240469349301419 |
| 2021 | The Pew Charitable Trusts | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | MATCHING GIFT | 202221029349301247 |
| 2021 | Kansas City University | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | OPERATIONS | 202210459349301756 |
| 2021 | United Way of Greater Kansas City Inc | The Rockhurst Fund Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | Donor Designation Funding | 202220539349300417 |
| 2021 | Miller-Mellor Association | Rockhurst University Endowment Kansas City, MO | D | $10,000 | paid | EDUCATIONAL, CULTURAL & OTHER ORGANIZATIONS (SEE ATTACHED STATEMENT) | 202133159349101313 |
| 2021 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | Donor Advised Fd | 202231339349307578 |
| 2021 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $6,116 | paid | Scholarships/Grants | 202221369349302902 |
| 2021 | Deloitte Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,500 | paid | FY'20 MATCHING GIFTS | 202220119349300602 |
| 2020 | Kansas City Scholars Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $275,000 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION AND OTHER QUALIFIED EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES PER IRS GUIDELINE | 202120189349300812 |
| 2020 | Saint Luke's Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $159,093 | paid | MEDICAL EDUCATION | 202113169349311466 |
| 2020 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $109,400 | paid | EDUCATION | 202140489349301804 |
| 2020 | Catherin V Merrill Foundation Co Christine Demareah Elvin Knight | Rockhurst University Scholarship Kansas City, MO | D | $100,000 | paid | CHARITABLE USES OF THE ORGANIZATION | 202113199349102581 |
| 2020 | Local Initiatives Support Corporation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $81,800 | paid | SEE PART IV | 202123169349305932 |
| 2020 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $37,375 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202121359349300427 |
| 2020 | Communityamerica Credit Union | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $35,000 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202112959349300326 |
| 2020 | Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Kansas City | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $30,500 | paid | General support | 202112439349300806 |
| 2020 | The Catholic Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $21,083 | paid | GENERAL FINANCIAL SUPPORT | 202123159349307492 |
| 2020 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $20,384 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202131049349301503 |
| 2020 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $12,000 | paid | EDUCATION | 202121459349300307 |
| 2020 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,800 | paid | Matching Gift | 202111349349306701 |
| 2020 | Tulsa Community Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS | 202103199349319070 |
| 2020 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $9,456 | paid | Scholarships/Grants | 202141969349302369 |
| 2020 | Deloitte Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,000 | paid | FY'19 MATCHING GIFTS | 202003509349300500 |
| 2020 | Deloitte Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,000 | paid | FY'19 MATCHING GIFTS | 202003509349300500 |
| 2020 | American Online Giving Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,191 | paid | GENERAL SUPPORT | 202120469349300002 |
| 2020 | American Endowment Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,000 | paid | PROGRAMS | 202133159349308163 |
| 2020 | Heavy Constructors Association of the Grtr Kc Area Indus Advcmt Fund | Rockhurst Kansas City, MO | A | $1,110 | paid | PROGRAM SERVICE SUPPORT | 202133199349303973 |
| 2020 | Hallmark Corporate Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | C | $100 | paid | GENERAL PURPOSE | 202141249349101859 |
| 2019 | Kansas City Scholars Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $130,000 | paid | TO PAY THE TUITION OF THE SCHOLARSHIP AWARDEE | 202010489349301061 |
| 2019 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $85,900 | paid | EDUCATION | 202010489349300101 |
| 2019 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $29,400 | paid | For grant recipient's exempt purposes | 202041789349301474 |
| 2019 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $24,302 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 202041829349301534 |
| 2019 | Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | GARNT | 202031229349300403 |
| 2019 | Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | OPERATIONS | 202011709349301401 |
| 2019 | Roman Catholic Foundation of Eastern Missouri | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | DONOR RECOMMENDED GRANT | 202041299349300449 |
| 2019 | United Way Worldwide | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $9,802 | paid | Education | 202043219349319519 |
| 2019 | United Way Worldwide | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $9,802 | paid | Education | 202043219349319519 |
| 2019 | United Way of Greater Kansas City Inc | The Rockhurst Fund Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,566 | paid | Donor Designation Funding | 202020739349300412 |
| 2019 | Miller-Mellor Association | Rockhurst University Endowment Kansas City, MO | D | $8,500 | paid | Educational, Cultural & Other Organizations (see attached statement) | 201912599349100136 |
| 2018 | Schwab Charitable Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $43,650 | paid | EDUCATION | 201930459349302018 |
| 2018 | Missouri Colleges Fund Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $26,654 | paid | NEED BASED FINANCIAL AID | 201931499349301208 |
| 2018 | Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $25,750 | paid | FOR GRANT RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSES | 201931359349301478 |
| 2018 | United Way of Greater Kansas City Inc | Rockhurst University - the Rockhurst Fund Kansas City, MO | A | $14,582 | paid | donor designated funding | 201940749349300639 |
| 2018 | Ernst & Young Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $11,250 | paid | Matching Gift | 201931089349300133 |
| 2018 | National Philanthropic Trust | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,500 | paid | PUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT | 201921359349311817 |
| 2018 | Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $10,000 | paid | OPERATIONS | 201921309349304477 |
| 2018 | National Collegiate Athletic Association | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $8,916 | paid | SCHOLARSHIPS/GRANTS | 201901439349300605 |
| 2018 | Boston Foundation Inc | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $7,000 | paid | Scholarship | 201931369349300728 |
| 2018 | The San Diego Foundation | Rockhurst University Kansas City, MO | A | $5,462 | paid | EDUCATION | 201931219349300443 |
Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.
Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.
Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.
The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.
This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.