funder-graph

funder-graph › Recipients

Who funds Leadersup

EIN 46-2606773 · Los Angeles, CA · NTEE O12

Leadersup of Los Angeles, CA (EIN 46-2606773) was named as a grant recipient by 36 funders in 94 grants paid totaling $19,162,172 in tax years 2018–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

Grants received

$19,162,172

94 grants paid

Funders

36

distinct grantmakers

Tax years

2018–2025

as reported by funders

Approved for future payment

$1,250,000

not included in grants received

Funders

Grantmakers ranked by total paid to Leadersup
FunderStateMatchGrantsTotal paidLatest year
National Philanthropic Trust 23-7825575PAA2$5,150,0002024
Jpmorgan Chase Foundation 23-7049738NYBC8$3,250,0602023
Tides Foundation 51-0198509CAA4$2,750,0002023
The James Irvine Foundation 94-1236937CAC3$1,525,0002023
The Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation 95-4686318CAB2$1,010,0002024
The Bank of America Charitable Foundation Inc 20-0721133NCBC4$900,0002023
The Angell Foundation 01-0789717CABC4$600,0002023
Carl & Roberta Deutsch Foundation 95-4610378CAB4$600,0002024
The Prudential Foundation 22-2175290NJBC5$550,0002022
The San Francisco Foundation 01-0679337CAA7$435,0002025
The California Endowment 95-4523232CABC6$385,0002024
Stupski Foundation 68-0397103CABC3$330,0002022
Moore Impact Inc 84-4714243COA2$200,0002024
The Rose Hills Foundation 95-1637466CAA3$200,0002022
Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors Inc 13-3615533NYA1$200,0002020
The Blackbaud Giving Fund 46-0942102SCAB2$131,9712023
Weingart Foundation 95-6054814CAC2$105,0002024
New Profit Inc 04-3396766MAA1$100,0002020
Polk Bros Foundation Inc 36-6108293ILC2$100,0002023
Mufg Union Bank Foundation Ag 54-2178792AZC2$75,0002021
The Annenberg Foundation 23-6257083PAB3$75,0002024
Liberty Hill Foundation 51-0181191CAA3$62,0002024
The Ralph M Parsons Foundation 95-6085895CABC3$60,0002022
California Community Foundation 95-3510055CAA2$60,0002025
Snap Foundation 61-1817014CAB1$50,0002024
Jewish Community Foundation of Los Angeles 95-6111928CAA1$50,0002024
Harris Family Charitable Foundation 87-3157408DEB1$50,0002022
Workday Foundation 46-0563684DEB1$50,0002021
The Starbucks Foundation 91-1795425WAC1$25,0002019
Russell Westbrook Why Not Foundation Inc 46-1322847ILA1$25,0002021
Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund 11-0303001MAA1$20,0002020
Los Angeles Brotherhood Crusade - Black United Fund Inc 95-2543819CAA1$15,0002024
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 56-2618866WAB1$10,0002023
Ch Robinson Worldwide Foundation 68-0599299SDBC3$7,5672024
Schwab Charitable Fund 31-1640316COA1$5,5002023
Amazonsmile Foundation 46-2626883WAB3$742023

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Grants

The 100 most recent grants naming this organization.

Grants to Leadersup as reported by funders
Tax yearFunderRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2025The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$60,000paidFOR GENERAL SUPPORT202611329349304731
2025California Community FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$50,000paidEDUCATION202611339349307766
2024National Philanthropic TrustLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$5,000,000paidHUMAN SERVICES202511339349301311
2024The Eli and Edythe Broad FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$510,000paidPATHWAYS - INVESTMENT TO CREATE PATHWAYS TO FAMILY WAGE-EARNING JOBS IN LOS ANGELES202513199349101196
2024Moore Impact IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$150,000paidPROGRAM SUPPORT/PROJECT SUPPORT202512829349300241
2024The Deutsch FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202513219349104136
2024The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$100,000paidPROMOTING HEALTH EQUITY FOR YOUTH THROUGH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: TO ADVANCE EQUITY IN COMMUNITY HEALTH THROUGH ECONOMIC AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING YOUTH AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES IN CALIFORNIA.202540449349100304
2024Weingart FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$100,000paidUNRESTRICTED OPERATING SUPPORT202511129349100526
2024Jewish Community Foundation of Los AngelesLeadersup La, CAA$50,000paidgeneral support202533199349302138
2024Snap FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$50,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202523189349101647
2024The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidTO PARTICIPATE IN REWORK THE BAY'S EQUITY AT WORK COUNCIL.202541339349302554
2024The Annenberg FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$25,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202543219349108909
2024Los Angeles Brotherhood Crusade - Black United Fund IncLeaders Up Los Angeles, CAA$15,000paidPROGRAM SUPPORT202533149349301173
2024California Community FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$10,000paidECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY202531359349303988
2024Weingart FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$5,000paidSUPPORT FOR LEADERSUP DECADE CELEBRATION202511129349100526
2024Liberty Hill FoundationLeaders Up Los Angeles, CAA$5,000paidTO PROVIDE LEADERSUP SPONSORSHIP.202542279349303754
2024Ch Robinson Worldwide FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$5,000paidGENERAL OPERATING FUND202503149349103175
2023The James Irvine FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$500,000paidFor organizational transition202413169349102431
2023The Eli and Edythe Broad FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$500,000paidPATHWAYS - INVESTMENT TO CREATE PATHWAYS TO FAMILY WAGE-EARNING JOBS IN LOS ANGELES202423199349104742
2023Tides FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$500,000paidQUALITY EDUCATION202412739349300401
2023The Angell FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$275,000paidEDUCATION AS OPPORTUNITY202431589349101618
2023Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$250,000approved, futureIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202443059349101309
2023Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$250,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202443059349101309
2023The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202411309349100126
2023Carl & Roberta Deutsch FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidYOUTH DEVELOPMENT202413199349106581
2023The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$100,000approved, futurePROMOTING HEALTH EQUITY FOR YOUTH THROUGH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: TO ADVANCE EQUITY IN COMMUNITY HEALTH THROUGH ECONOMIC AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING YOUTH AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES IN CALIFORNIA.202420469349100607
2023The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$100,000paidPROMOTING HEALTH EQUITY FOR YOUTH THROUGH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: TO ADVANCE EQUITY IN COMMUNITY HEALTH THROUGH ECONOMIC AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING YOUTH AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES IN CALIFORNIA.202420469349100607
2023Polk Bros Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$50,000paidStrong Communities202401519349101905
2023Moore Impact IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$50,000paidTO SUPPORT A PILOT APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM IN THE MUSIC, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRIES AND PROVIDE IN-DEMAND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AND CAREER PATHWAYS TOWARD WORKER POWER AND ECONOMIC MOBILITY.202423139349303417
2023The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidPROGRAM - TO SUPPORT EQUITY AT WORK COUNCIL202431359349311628
2023The Annenberg FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$25,000paidLOS ANGELES REGION202443199349100629
2023The Blackbaud Giving FundLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$13,152paidGENERAL SUPPORT202402119349300860
2023Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$10,000paidPOSTSECONDARY EDUCATION202433189349102233
2023Schwab Charitable FundLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$5,500paidHUMAN SERVICES202411039349301716
2023Amazonsmile FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$8paidGENERAL SUPPORT202540919349100629
2022Tides FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$500,000paidQUALITY EDUCATION202400469349300305
2022Tides FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$500,000paidQUALITY EDUCATION202333189349300213
2022Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$400,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202322839349100212
2022Carl & Roberta Deutsch FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidYOUTH DEVELOPMENT202343189349104004
2022The Prudential FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$125,000paidTHE FUTURE AT WORK: CAPACITY BUILDING & PLANNING GRANT202311749349100416
2022The Angell FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$125,000paidEDUCATION AS OPPORTUNITY202331359349103673
2022The Blackbaud Giving FundLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$118,819paidGENERAL SUPPORT202312409349300046
2022Stupski FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$105,000paidTo provide general operating support.202313199349110171
2022The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$75,000paidPROMOTING HEALTH EQUITY FOR YOUTH THROUGH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: TO ADVANCE EQUITY IN COMMUNITY HEALTH THROUGH ECONOMIC AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING YOUTH AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES IN CALIFORNIA.202300459349100400
2022Harris Family Charitable FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$50,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202311579349101256
2022The Rose Hills FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$50,000paidOPERATING SUPPORT202343119349302789
2022The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidPROGRAM - TO PARTICIPATE IN REWORK THE BAY'S EQUITY AT WORK COUNCIL, A CROSS-SECTOR WORKING GROUP TO HELP DRIVE ITS PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY, GENERATE POLICY AND OTHER SYSTEMS CHANGE RECOMMENDATIONS, AND MODEL DEEP COLLABORATION.202301309349301545
2022The Ralph M Parsons FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$5,000paidFOR GENERAL SUPPORT TO CONNECT LOS ANGELES YOUTH WITH CAREER OPPORTUNITIES202343049349100784
2022Ch Robinson Worldwide FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$1,967paidGENERAL OPERATING FUND202303129349100615
2022Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$60paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202322839349100212
2022Amazonsmile FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$24paidGENERAL SUPPORT202313119349100141
2021Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$250,000approved, futureIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202232809349100618
2021Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$250,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202232809349100618
2021Carl & Roberta Deutsch FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidYOUTH DEVELOPMENT202400179349100200
2021Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000approved, futureIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202232809349100618
2021Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$150,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202232809349100618
2021The Prudential FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$125,000paidBUILDING A FULLY INCLUSIVE WORKPLACE FOR YOUTH202201689349100215
2021The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$75,000paidADVANCING HEALTH EQUITY FOR YOUTH THROUGH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY: TO SUPPORT RESEARCH THAT LINKS ECONOMIC EQUITY AS A SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH AND TO MOBILIZE COMMUNITY, GOVERNMENT, BUSINESS AND PHILANTHROPIC COMMUNITIES TO DEVELOP A COLLECTIVE STRATEGY FOCUSED ON COVID-19 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND COMMUNITY WELLNESS THAT SUPPORTS HEALTH-PROMOTING YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND INCLUSIVE COMMUNITIES IN CALIFORNIA.202200419349100325
2021The Ralph M Parsons FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$52,500paidFOR GENERAL SUPPORT TO CONNECT LOS ANGELES YOUTH WITH CAREER OPPORTUNITIES202202779349100915
2021Polk Bros Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$50,000paidStrong Communities202240189349100009
2021Workday FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$50,000paidThe Future at Work: Flattening the Curve, Bridging the divide program202143499349100009
2021The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidPROGRAM - TO PARTICIPATE IN REWORK THE BAY'S EQUITY AT WORK COUNCIL, A CROSS-SECTOR WORKING GROUP TO HELP DRIVE THE COLLABORATIVE'S PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY, GENERATE POLICY AND OTHER SYSTEMS CHANGE RECOMMENDATIONS, AND MODEL DEEP COLLABORATION202201319349304190
2021Mufg Union Bank Foundation AgLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$25,000paidCHARITABLE202241339349103009
2021Russell Westbrook Why Not Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$25,000paidGENERAL PURPOSE202311929349301581
2020Tides FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$1,250,000paidQUALITY EDUCATION202133149349300708
2020The James Irvine FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$1,000,000paidFor hiring of opportunity youth in CA202123149349102802
2020Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$800,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202122529349101012
2020The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$250,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202131479349100003
2020Stupski FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$200,000paidTo design, test, and deploy programming that connects local youth to middle-skill career pathways at Laney College while building the capacity of the Laney College Career Center.202103199349110270
2020Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$200,000paidGENERAL202143139349300424
2020The Angell FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$150,000paidEDUCATION202121379349102642
2020National Philanthropic TrustLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$150,000paidPUBLIC, SOCIETAL BENEFIT202121459349300307
2020The Prudential FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$100,000paidBUILDING LEADERSUP'S CAPACITY TO DEVELOP A DIGITAL SUITE OF PRODUCTS AND RESOURCES FOR YOUTH AND EMPLOYERS202101749349100410
2020New Profit IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$100,000paidPROGRAM EXPANSION202132389349301623
2020The Rose Hills FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$50,000paidOPERATING SUPPORT202123169349304967
2020Mufg Union Bank Foundation AgLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$50,000paidCHARITABLE202111339349100511
2020The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidTO PARTICIPATE IN THE BAY AREA WORKFORCE FUNDERS COLLABORATIVE'S EQUITY AT WORK COUNCIL, A CROSS-SECTOR WORKING GROUP TO HELP DRIVE THE COLLABORATIVE'S PROGRAMMATIC STRATEGY, GENERATE POLICY AND OTHER SYSTEMS CHANGE RECOMMENDATIONS, AND MODEL DEEP COLLABORATION.202141369349301959
2020Liberty Hill FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$40,000paidTO DESIGN A MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR A COMPREHENSIVE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM THAT ADVANCES ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL OUTCOMES FOR JUSTICE-INVOLVED YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG PEOPLE DIVERTED FROM THE SYSTEM AND YOUNG PEOPLE WHO ARE IN HIGH RISK ENVIRONMENTS.202122259349302832
2020The Annenberg FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$25,000paidGeneral operating support202123189349100157
2020Stupski FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$25,000paidTo provide sponsorship of the "Flattening the Curve, Bridging the Divide" Virtual Roundtable.202103199349110270
2020The James Irvine FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$25,000paidFor COVID-19 emergency funds202123149349102802
2020Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$20,000paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202121359349300427
2020The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$10,000paidFUTURE AT WORK SUMMITS: FOR SPONSORSHIP OF TWO EVENTS THAT WILL BRING TOGETHER YOUNG PEOPLE, BUSINESSES, INFLUENCERS AND COMMUNITY LEADERS TO ADDRESS ECONOMIC INEQUITIES AND IMPROVE THE WELL-BEING AND HEALTH OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN CALIFORNIA.202140349349100904
2020The Ralph M Parsons FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$2,500paidFOR GENERAL SUPPORT TO CONNECT LOS ANGELES YOUTH WITH CAREER OPPORTUNITIES202142579349100429
2020Ch Robinson Worldwide FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$600paidGENERAL OPERATING FUND202143169349102099
2020Amazonsmile FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$42paidGENERAL SUPPORT202113199349100901
2019Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$1,100,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202022549349100217
2019The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$250,000paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202001499349100200
2019Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAB$200,000approved, futureIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS202022549349100217
2019The San Francisco FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$175,000paidTO PROVIDE BACKBONE PROJECT SUPPORT FOR THE BAY AREA YOUNG MEN OF COLOR EMPLOYMENT PARTNERSHIP (BAYEP) , TO SUPPORT THE WORK OF LEADERSUP, INCLUDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A FUTURE AT WORK LEADERSHIP NETWORK (FAWLN) IN THE BAY AREA.202011549349301116
2019The Prudential FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$100,000paidADVANCING QUALITY JOB CAREER PATHWAYS FOR OPPORTUNITY YOUTH202041499349101109
2019The Angell FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$50,000paidEDUCATION202011359349101426
2019The California EndowmentLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$25,000paidADVANCING EQUITY FOR YOUTH HEALTH AND WELL-BEING IN CALIFORNIA: TO SUPPORT RESEARCH THAT LINKS ECONOMIC EQUITY AS A SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH AND TO CONDUCT LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS THAT UNCOVERS ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES ACROSS CALIFORNIA TO SUPPORT HEALTH-PROMOTING YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND INCLUSIVE COMMUNITIES.202000449349100910
2019The Starbucks FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$25,000paidStrengthening Communities & Creating Opportunities202022279349100422
2019Liberty Hill FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$17,000paidTO ADVANCE A YOUTH DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY THAT BUILDS ON THE STRENGTHS OF FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES OUTLINED IN THE OBAMA FOUNDATION MY BROTHERS KEEPER GRANT PROPOSAL202022279349302817
2018Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$300,000paidIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS201932679349100303
2018Jpmorgan Chase FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$300,000approved, futureIN SUPPORT OF CREATING ECONOMIC MOBILITY AND CAREER PATHWAYS201932679349100303
2018The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$250,000paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT201931349349102143
2018The Prudential FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAC$100,000paidTHE FUTURE AT WORK: ACCELERATING OPPORTUNITY YOUTH CAREER PATHWAYS201931629349100713
2018The Rose Hills FoundationLeadersup Los Angeles, CAA$100,000paidOPERATING SUPPORT201913029349301131

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.