funder-graph

funder-graph › Recipients

Who funds Dr Susan Love Research Foundation

EIN 77-0009065 · West Hollywood, CA

Dr Susan Love Research Foundation of West Hollywood, CA (EIN 77-0009065) was named as a grant recipient by 42 funders in 126 grants paid totaling $1,836,894 in tax years 2018–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

Grants received

$1,836,894

126 grants paid

Funders

42

distinct grantmakers

Tax years

2018–2025

as reported by funders

Funders

Grantmakers ranked by total paid to Dr Susan Love Research Foundation
FunderStateMatchGrantsTotal paidLatest year
The Sharon D Lund Foundation 23-7306460CAC3$615,0002023
Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund 11-0303001MAA8$351,0572025
American Endowment Foundation 34-1747398OHA1$253,5002020
Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack Cpa 95-4697063CAC6$95,0002023
Schwab Charitable Fund 31-1640316CAA6$76,9002024
American Online Giving Foundation Inc 81-0739440DEA4$69,2222023
California Community Foundation 95-3510055CAA1$53,5002023
Ploughshares Foundation 36-3739577ILBCD6$43,0002025
National Philanthropic Trust 23-7825575PAA2$40,7502021
Robert a Waller Foundation 95-4509776CABC6$30,0002024
The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation Inc 22-3082471NJBC5$27,5002023
The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation Inc 20-2013694MDC6$25,0002023
Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program 23-2888152PAA2$20,5002022
Network for Good 68-0480736DCA2$19,3012020
Rudolph Joseph Foundation 11-6110951NYCD5$12,0002024
A J Frank Family Foundation 93-0523395ORC2$10,0002021
Edwin and Jeanne Woods Family Foundation 20-0968659CAD1$10,0002021
Kissick Family Foundation 95-4443453CAD2$10,0002022
The Bank of America Charitable Foundation Inc 20-0721133NCBC7$8,9772023
Rajiv & Caroline Shah Charitable Foundation Inc 91-2172765CABC4$7,5002022
Flora L Thornton Foundation 95-3855595CAC2$7,5002020
The Blackbaud Giving Fund 46-0942102SCA1$6,5082022
Paypal Charitable Giving Fund 45-0931286DCA1$5,3672020
The Bessemer Giving Fund C/O Bessemer Trust Company Trustee 13-7111099NJA1$5,0002020
Declaration of Trust of the Bijan Amin and Soraya Amin Foundation 95-7110956CAD1$5,0002023
Philanthropy International 87-0643877CAD4$4,5002023
Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation Inc 22-3554000DEBC6$4,0002024
Mccabe Family Foundation 47-3805930ILD1$3,0002018
Shell USA Company Foundation (fka Shell Oil Company Foundation) 13-6066583TXBC4$2,6502024
Brotman Foundation of California C/O Cliftonlarsonallen Llp 95-6094639CAD1$2,5002021
Steaven K and Judith G Jones Foundation 26-1323339CACD4$2,3502023
Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk Trust 13-6334348ILC8$2,1202025
The Pelton Charitable Foundation Inc 20-3863708DEBC3$2,0002023
Mcnabb Foundation 82-3609769DEC1$1,0002021
Abbvie Foundation 46-0827839ILC1$1,0002018
Jpmorgan Chase Foundation 23-7049738NYC2$9002021
Aetna Foundation Inc 23-7241940CTC1$7922020
Vyuha Inc 81-4656022FLD1$5002020
Declaration of Trust of the Ray R Irani Foundation 48-6394885CAC1$5002019
Kanoff Family Foundation Co Jefferies & Company 95-4662947CAD1$5002022
The Thomas E Hall Foundation 95-4788906CAD1$4002019
Parsemus Foundation 20-3968895CAD1$1002022

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Grants

The 126 most recent grants naming this organization.

Grants to Dr Susan Love Research Foundation as reported by funders
Tax yearFunderRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2025Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$16,992paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202601389349301700
2025Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Fund Beverly Hills, CAD$8,000paidGENERAL202611329349101681
2025Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$220paidGENERAL202641269349102144
2024Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$60,350paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202521349349310887
2024Donor Advised Charitable Giving IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$15,000paidHEALTH202541069349300729
2024Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$8,000paidGENERAL202541299349103459
2024Rudolph Joseph FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidCharitable202533219349106833
2024Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$5,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202531259349101033
2024Shell USA Company FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$850paid850202503169349100200
2024Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$750paid50% Programs and Services/50% General Support202543119349101209
2024Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$200paidGENERAL202531279349101738
2023The Sharon D Lund FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Laguna Niguel, CAC$160,000paidGENERAL OPERATION202423189349103307
2023California Community FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$53,500paidNONPROFIT SUSTAINABILITY202441359349312719
2023Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$45,200paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202441369349301334
2023Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$25,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION202440389349100309
2023Schwab Charitable FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$14,750paidHEALTH202411039349301716
2023American Online Giving Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$11,582paidGENERAL SUPPORT202410469349300741
2023The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation Inc C/O R RosenthalDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$10,000paidMEDICAL RESEARCH202411659349101101
2023Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$7,000paidGENERAL202431309349103063
2023Declaration of Trust of the Bijan Amin and Soraya Amin FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation W Hollywood, CAD$5,000paidTO PROMOTE SOCIAL EDUCATION & MEDICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH202421799349100507
2023The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$5,000paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION202411029349100226
2023Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$5,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202421209349100522
2023The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$2,500paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202411309349100126
2023Philanthropy InternationalDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$1,000paidSupport research efforts for treatment of breast cancer.202421239349101907
2023Steaven K and Judith G Jones FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$1,000paidGENERAL PURPOSE202441379349100844
2023Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$750paid50% Programs and Services/50% General Support202442009349100424
2023The Pelton Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$750paidresearch fund for a cure or treatments for metastatic breast cancer202422429349101162
2023Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$200paidGENERAL202431139349101418
2022The Sharon D Lund FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Irvine, CAC$305,000paidGENERAL OPERATIONS202312849349101851
2022Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$60,345paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202430459349302913
2022Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$60,345paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202321309349304807
2022Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$20,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION202330529349100528
2022Vanguard Charitable Endowment ProgramDr Susan Love Foundation for Breast Cancer Resear West Hollywood, CAA$13,500paidFor recipient's exempt purpose202331359349303108
2022Schwab Charitable FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$10,750paidHEALTH202330939349300403
2022American Online Giving Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$7,617paidGENERAL SUPPORT202340469349301209
2022Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$7,000paidGENERAL202341309349101479
2022The Blackbaud Giving FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$6,508paidGENERAL SUPPORT202312409349300046
2022Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidSUPPORT202331229349100248
2022Kissick Family FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$5,000paidCONTRIBUTION202313209349102001
2022The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation Inc C/O R RosenthalDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$4,000paidMEDICAL RESEARCH202300319349100700
2022The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$2,500paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION202321049349100117
2022The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$2,000paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202301309349101020
2022Rudolph Joseph FoundationDr Susan Love Fdn West Hollywood, CAD$2,000paidCharitable202331889349100108
2022Rajiv & Caroline Shah Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$1,000paidFOR BREAST CANCER RESEARCH202302849349101410
2022Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$1,000paid50% Programs and Services/50% General Support202313049349100926
2022Philanthropy InternationalDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$1,000paidSupport research efforts for treatment of breast cancer.202311249349101701
2022The Pelton Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$750paidMetastatic Breast Cancer research202321229349101032
2022Shell USA Company Foundation (fka Shell Oil Company Foundation)Dr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$600paidMEF202443199349102539
2022Shell USA Company FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$600paidMEF202323139349100302
2022Kanoff Family Foundation Co Jefferies & CompanyDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$500paidTo end breast cancer and improve the lives of people impacted by it now through education and advocacy.202303189349105125
2022Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$200paidGENERAL202321219349100432
2022Parsemus FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$100paidGeneral Support202333169349100473
2021Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAA$23,050paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202221339349302787
2021American Online Giving Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$22,926paidGENERAL SUPPORT202240469349301419
2021Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$15,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION202200129349101710
2021Schwab Charitable FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$14,050paidHEALTH202230499349301028
2021National Philanthropic TrustDr Susan Love Foundation for Breast Cancer Research Encino, CAA$13,000paidHEALTH202231339349309863
2021Edwin and Jeanne Woods Family FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$10,000paidCharitable Support202221259349101207
2021Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$7,000paidGENERAL202201329349102250
2021Vanguard Charitable Endowment ProgramDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$7,000paidFOR RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSE202211339349310116
2021Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidSUPPORT202211229349101411
2021A J Frank Family FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidBREAST CANCER RESEARCH202113289349100706
2021Kissick Family FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$5,000paidCONTRIBUTION202320249349100417
2021The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation Inc C/O R RosenthalDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$3,500paidMEDICAL RESEARCH202210189349100511
2021Rudolph Joseph FoundationDr Susan Love Fdn West Hollywood, CAD$3,000paidCharitable202241529349100514
2021Rajiv & Caroline Shah Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation West Hollywood, CAB$2,500paidFOR BREAST CANCER RESEARCH202222629349100507
2021Brotman Foundation of California C/O Cliftonlarsonallen LlpDr Susan Love Foundation West Hollywood, CAD$2,500paidPUBLIC SUPPORT OF ORGANIZATION MISSION202202109349101060
2021The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$2,500paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION202211099349100101
2021Philanthropy InternationalDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$2,000paidSupport research efforts for treatment of breast cancer.202221329349104227
2021Mcnabb FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$1,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202242799349101404
2021Rudolph Joseph FoundationDr Susan Love Fdn West Hollywood, CAD$1,000paidCharitable202241529349100514
2021Shell USA Company Foundation (fka Shell Oil Company Foundation)Dr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$600paidMG202443199349100424
2021Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paid50% Programs and Services/50% General Support202201889349100715
2021Jpmorgan Chase FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$400paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202232809349100618
2021Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$250paidGENERAL202211169349100406
2021Steaven K and Judith G Jones FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$250paidGENERAL PURPOSE202202319349100805
2020American Endowment FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$253,500paidPROGRAMS202133159349308163
2020The Sharon D Lund FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$150,000paidGENERAL OPERATIONS202103149349102510
2020Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$45,795paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202121359349300427
2020National Philanthropic TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$27,750paidHUMAN SERVICES202121459349300307
2020American Online Giving Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$27,097paidGENERAL SUPPORT202120469349300002
2020Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$15,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION202120419349100417
2020Schwab Charitable FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$14,850paidHEALTH202140489349301804
2020Network for GoodDr Susan Love Foundation for Breast Cancer Research Encino, CAA$9,963paidUnrestricted202131819349300608
2020Ploughshares FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$6,000paidGENERAL202141339349102559
2020Paypal Charitable Giving FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAA$5,367paidGeneral Support202123009349302102
2020The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$5,000paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION202120789349100407
2020Flora L Thornton FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202142589349100809
2020A J Frank Family FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidBREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND SUPPORT202121819349100922
2020The Bessemer Giving Fund C/O Bessemer Trust Company TrusteeDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$5,000paidGENERAL SUPPORT202133159349302533
2020Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidSUPPORT202111189349101811
2020Rajiv & Caroline Shah Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$2,500paidFOR BREAST CANCER RESEARCH202121839349100617
2020Rudolph Joseph FoundationDr Susan Love Fdn West Hollywood, CAD$1,000paidCharitable202133149349100143
2020Aetna Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$792paidGENERAL PURPOSE202113199349104976
2020Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paid50% Programs and Services/50% General Support202101539349100610
2020Vyuha IncDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$500paidGeneral Support202122079349101102
2020Philanthropy InternationalDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$500paidSupport research efforts for treatment of breast cancer.202141329349102964
2020The Pelton Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted202132879349100858
2020Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$150paidGENERAL202101179349100625
2019Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$38,980paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202041789349301474
2019Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$10,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION202020289349101007
2019Schwab Charitable FundDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$7,500paidHEALTH202010489349300101
2019The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$5,000paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION202040569349100709
2019The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidMEDICAL RESEARCH202010099349100201
2019Steaven K and Judith G Jones FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$600paidGENERAL PURPOSE202021969349100142
2019Declaration of Trust of the Ray R Irani FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paidUNRESTRICTED202123069349101917
2019The Thomas E Hall FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$400paidUNCONDITIONAL202031049349100208
2019Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$400paidGENERAL202041629349101039
2019The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$150paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202001499349100200
2019The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$80paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202001499349100200
2018Thatcher Foundation C/O Phillip M Bardack CpaDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$10,000paidTO FURTHER GOALS OF FOUNDATION201910089349100711
2018Network for GoodDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAA$9,338paidUnrestricted201941789349300019
2018Robert a Waller FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidCHARITY201933199349105723
2018The Marvin & Sylvia Rubin Private Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$5,000paidVOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION201900889349100015
2018The Jan M and Eugenia Krol Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$5,000paidMEDICAL RESEARCH201900399349100200
2018Mccabe Family FoundationDr Susan Love Foundation Encino, CAD$3,000paidUNRESTRICTED CHARITABLE USES201942409349100709
2018Flora L Thornton FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$2,500paidGENERAL SUPPORT201912819349101111
2018The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$2,347paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT201931349349102143
2018Rajiv & Caroline Shah Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$1,500paidFOR BREAST CANCER RESEARCH201931309349101543
2018The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$1,250paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT201931349349102143
2018Abbvie FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$1,000paidMatching Grant201931339349102918
2018The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$650paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT201931349349102143
2018Rose and Louis Klosk Fund UW R Klosk TrustDr Susan Love Research Foundation Santa Monica, CAC$500paidGENERAL201931269349101318
2018Jpmorgan Chase FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT201932679349100303
2018Steaven K and Judith G Jones FoundationDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paidGENERAL PURPOSE201941419349100519
2018Ruth and Jack Glantz Family Foundation IncDr Susan Love Research Foundation Encino, CAC$500paidGeneral & Unrestricted201901359349101565

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.