funder-graph

funder-graph › Recipients

Who funds Carti Foundation Inc

EIN 71-0589907 · Little Rock, AR · NTEE E11

Carti Foundation Inc of Little Rock, AR (EIN 71-0589907) was named as a grant recipient by 50 funders in 121 grants paid totaling $4,370,218 in tax years 2018–2025, as reported on the funders' Forms 990-PF and 990 Schedule I. Each edge was resolved to this EIN at the match tier shown. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03.

Grants received

$4,370,218

121 grants paid

Funders

50

distinct grantmakers

Tax years

2018–2025

as reported by funders

Approved for future payment

$5,000

not included in grants received

Funders

Grantmakers ranked by total paid to Carti Foundation Inc
FunderStateMatchGrantsTotal paidLatest year
Arkansas Community Foundation Inc 52-1055743ARA16$1,066,7002025
Carti Auxiliary Inc 83-4300187ARA3$898,9142025
Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund 11-0303001MAA7$347,1502025
The Sunderland Foundation 44-6011082KSB1$250,0002022
Caring Hearts Foundation of Arkansas 45-0689308ARB5$203,1602024
American Cancer Society Inc 13-1788491GAA3$190,0002025
Windgate Charitable Foundation Inc 71-0723781ARC3$150,0002024
Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation Inc 26-1569324ARB5$140,0002024
Arkansas Cancer Coalition 20-5154377ARB3$135,0002020
Ottenheimer Brothers Foundation 71-6059988ARD2$100,0002022
The Hearst Foundation 13-6161746NYD1$100,0002022
The Murphy Foundation 71-6049826ARB2$100,0002022
Donor Advised Charitable Giving Inc 31-1640316COA6$76,5002025
Community Foundation of Greater Memphis Inc 58-1723645TNA1$70,0002023
Riggs Benevolent Fund 71-6050130ARB2$53,0002023
The Brown Foundation Inc 74-6036466TXBC3$45,0002024
Ben J Altheimer Charitable Foundation Inc 71-0769229ARC3$45,0002024
C Louis and Mary C Cabe Foundation 71-0685612ARB2$40,6002024
The Philip R Jonsson Foundation C/O Signal Media Corporation 75-1552642ARB2$40,0002019
Arkansas Federal Foundation 87-2627875ARB4$33,7502025
The Jonsson Foundation 85-2731051DEB3$31,0002021
Tim and Peggy Farrell Fund Inc 20-0374985ARD4$25,0002025
Union Pacific Foundation 13-6406825NEB2$25,0002024
Carlton Family Foundation Trust 71-6174467ARC1$25,0002022
Eric Scott Bottin Foundation 47-6667880ARC4$21,0002024
The Schmieding Foundation 23-7262279ARC1$20,0002024
Glenn & Lori Millner Family Foundation Trust 85-6776527ARD4$16,5002025
American Healthcare Radiology Administrators Education Foundation Inc 36-3726188MAA2$15,0002020
Alderson Family Foundation 20-7327254ARB1$15,0002019
Arvest Foundation 82-3700845ARC2$12,0002024
American Online Giving Foundation Inc 81-0739440DEA1$10,2442020
Gene & Jerry Jones Family Foundation 75-2808490TXB1$10,0002020
Greater Horizons 20-0849590MOA1$10,0002024
Regis Foundation for Breast Cancer Research 41-1729911MNA1$9,0602018
The Kathryn Brown Butler Family Foundation C/O Cw Butler III Trustee 20-1178798TNB1$8,2952020
Union County Community Foundation Inc 31-1500805ARD1$7,5002019
Network for Good 68-0480736DCA1$5,5012023
Eternal Treasures Foundation 45-6387554ARC1$5,0002022
Elmer & Gladys Ferguson Charitable Trust 58-1674674ARD1$3,0002023
Fis Foundation Inc 26-1628191FLC2$3,0002022
Brinkley Taf Brinkley Foundation 62-6079631TNB1$2,0002025
Socius Foundation 46-3951294CAC1$2,0002022
Amazonsmile Foundation 46-2626883WAB3$1,9942023
Sylvan Oaks Foundation Inc 47-1968649FLB1$1,0002022
Sally & Keith Riggs Foundation 87-3893692ARB1$5002025
Binkley Family Foundation 46-4345294ARB1$5002020
Carol and Witt Stephens Charitable Foundation 31-1740109ARB1$2002021
The Merchants Bonding Company Foundation 26-3035459IAB1$1002025
The Bank of America Charitable Foundation Inc 20-0721133NCB2$502022

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Grants

The 122 most recent grants naming this organization.

Grants to Carti Foundation Inc as reported by funders
Tax yearFunderRecipientMatchAmountTypePurposeSource filing
2025Carti Auxiliary IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$440,699paidProvide operational assistance202611359349311416
2025Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - 8901 Carti Way Little Rock Ar 72205 Little Rock, ARA$250,000paidTO SUPPORT CARTI SURGERY CENTER202523109349301812
2025Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - 8901 Carti Way Little Rock Ar 72205 Little Rock, ARA$250,000paidTO SUPPORT CARTI SURGERY CENTER202523109349301812
2025American Cancer Society IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$30,000paidPatient Support202640419349300039
2025Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$18,700paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202601389349301700
2025Arkansas Federal FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$15,000paidSponsorship donation202631319349104638
2025Donor Advised Charitable Giving IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$12,000paidHEALTH202611199349300601
2025Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - 8901 Carti Way Little Rock Ar 72205 Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidSUPPORT FOR BREAST CANCER PATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS202523109349301812
2025Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - 8901 Carti Way Little Rock Ar 72205 Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidTO SUPPORT THE BREAST CANCER PATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM202523109349301812
2025Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - 8901 Carti Way Little Rock Ar 72205 Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidFOR MAMMOGRAPHY SUPPLIES FOR THE BREAST CENTER AT CARTI202523109349301812
2025Tim and Peggy Farrell Fund IncCarti Little Rock, ARD$5,000paidSUPPORT202611629349100901
2025Arkansas Federal FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$3,750paidDonation202631319349104638
2025Glenn & Lori Millner Family Foundation TrustCarti Little Rock, ARD$3,000paidUNDESIGNATED202601359349101650
2025Brinkley Taf Brinkley FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$2,000paidCHARITABLE202640979349100429
2025Sally & Keith Riggs FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$500paidGENERAL SUPPORT202601139349101430
2025The Merchants Bonding Company FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$100paidPROGRAM SUPPORT202621269349103317
2024Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - Po Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$250,000paidIN SUPPORT OF THE CARTI SURGERY CENTER FROM LYNN AND DON PARKER FAMILY202443179349307779
2024Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$101,050paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202521349349310887
2024American Cancer Society IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$60,000paidPatient Support202502879349300245
2024Caring Hearts Foundation of ArkansasCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$54,080paidMEDICAL CARE FOR CRITICALLY ILL202523219349103787
2024Windgate Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$50,000paidHEALTH/WELLNESS202501149349101040
2024C Louis and Mary C Cabe FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,600paidFURTHERANCE OF EXEMPT PURPOSE202523159349101222
2024Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidCOMMUNITY GRANT202523159349102292
2024The Brown Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$25,000paidOperations202413169349100226
2024Donor Advised Charitable Giving IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$24,550paidHEALTH202541069349300729
2024The Schmieding FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARC$20,000paidVARIOUS202522519349100332
2024Ben J Altheimer Charitable Foundation Inc C/O Regions Bank Trust DepartmentCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$15,000paidPATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS202541289349102789
2024Union Pacific FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidPUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION202511499349100011
2024The Brown Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidMatching gift-general support202413169349100226
2024Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - Po Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidBREAST CENTER PATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM202443179349307779
2024Greater HorizonsCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidHealth, Medicine & Science202513189349309621
2024Arkansas Federal FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidFestival of Trees - Gold Sponsorship202532959349100733
2024Eric Scott Bottin FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$6,000paidCANCER TREATMENT202501359349104565
2024Arkansas Federal FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$5,000paidSalute Vineyard Sponsorshop202532959349100733
2024Tim and Peggy Farrell Fund IncCarti Little Rock, ARD$5,000paidSUPPORT202501479349100650
2024Arvest FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARC$5,000paidTo support the CARTI's clinical research program.202501819349100510
2024The Kerr Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$5,000approved, futureTO HELP REDUCE BARRIERS TO CANCER CARE THROUGH PATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.202542969349101179
2024Glenn & Lori Millner Family Foundation TrustCarti Little Rock, ARD$3,000paidUNDESIGNATED202501189349101020
2024Carti Auxiliary IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$0 + $483,780 non-cashpaidProvide operational assistance202531359349300143
2023Carti Auxiliary IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$458,215paidProvide operational assistance202441349349302604
2023Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundation - Po Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$250,000paidIN SUPPORT OF THE CARTI SURGERY CENTER FROM THE LYNN AND DON PARKER FAMILY202323109349301722
2023Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$150,000paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202441369349301334
2023American Cancer Society IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$100,000paidPatient Support202422639349300912
2023Community Foundation of Greater Memphis IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARA$70,000paidGENERAL OPERATIONAL SUPPORT202323129349300447
2023Windgate Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$50,000paidHEALTH/WELLNESS202430799349100618
2023Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$40,000paidEDUCATION GRANT202443199349103229
2023Caring Hearts Foundation of ArkansasCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$34,080paidMEDICAL CARE FOR CRITICALLY ILL202423199349102207
2023Riggs Benevolent FundCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$26,500paidOTHER CHARITABLE202413199349104966
2023Union Pacific FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$15,000paidPUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION202421349349100642
2023The Brown Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARC$10,000paidMatching gift-General Support202313059349101226
2023Schwab Charitable FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$10,000paidHEALTH202411039349301716
2023C Louis and Mary C Cabe FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidFURTHERANCE OF EXEMPT PURPOSE202403189349102745
2023Arvest FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARC$7,000paidFor CARTI's clinical research program.202422339349100232
2023Network for GoodCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$5,501paidUNRESTRICTED202413059349302646
2023Tim and Peggy Farrell Fund IncCarti Little Rock, ARD$5,000paidSUPPORT202441339349100004
2023Elmer & Gladys Ferguson Charitable TrustCarti Little Rock, ARD$3,000paidGENERAL FUND202441209349100939
2023Glenn & Lori Millner Family Foundation TrustCarti Little Rock, ARD$3,000paidUNDESIGNATED202412619349100606
2023Amazonsmile FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$750paidGENERAL SUPPORT202540919349100629
2022The Sunderland FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$250,000paidCONSTRUCT THE BRIDGE CLINIC202303189349102205
2022The Hearst FoundationCarti Inc Little Rock, ARD$100,000paidSupport of general operations202313069349100126
2022The Murphy FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$70,000paidOPERATIONS202242519349100309
2022Windgate Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$50,000paidART & CULTURE202301269349100300
2022Ottenheimer Brothers FoundationCarti Carti Foundation Little Rock, ARD$50,000paidTO FURTHER EXEMPT PURPSOE202310479349100306
2022Caring Hearts Foundation of ArkansasCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidMEDICAL CARE FOR CRITICALLY ILL202323149349101202
2022Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidCommunity Grant202333189349105193
2022Riggs Benevolent FundCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$26,500paidOTHER CHARITABLE202343179349101314
2022Carlton Family Foundation TrustCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$25,000paidCANCER TREATMENT AID202333189349102488
2022Ben J Altheimer Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$15,000paidPATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS202341179349100824
2022Schwab Charitable FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$10,250paidHEALTH202330939349300403
2022Tim and Peggy Farrell Fund IncCarti Little Rock, ARD$10,000paidSUPPORT202313199349102516
2022Glenn & Lori Millner Family Foundation TrustCarti Little Rock, ARD$7,500paidUNDESIGNATED202321289349103972
2022Eternal Treasures FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$5,000paidCONTRIBUTION TO PUBLIC CHARITY202301319349103015
2022Eric Scott Bottin FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$5,000paidCANCER TREATMENT202301289349102830
2022Socius FoundationCarti Foundation Litttle Rock, ARC$2,000paid2022 GRANT202331579349100218
2022Fis Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$1,500paidGENERAL CONTRIBUTION202323199349101262
2022Amazonsmile FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$1,100paidGENERAL SUPPORT202313119349100141
2022Sylvan Oaks Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$1,000paidGENERAL PURPOSE202302369349100915
2022The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$25paidPROGRAM/OPERATING SUPPORT202301309349101020
2021Caring Hearts Foundation of ArkansasCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$55,000paidMEDICAL CARE FOR CRITICALLY ILL202231339349103273
2021Ottenheimer Brothers FoundationCarti Carti Foundation Little Rock, ARD$50,000paidTO FURTHER EXEMPT PURPSOE202200189349100800
2021The Murphy FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidOPERATIONS202112799349100606
2021Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$15,700paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202221339349302787
2021Ben J Altheimer Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$15,000paidPATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS202221309349102642
2021Schwab Charitable FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$12,000paidHEALTH202230499349301028
2021The Jonsson FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202230819349100708
2021Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$8,700paidTRANSPORTATION SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS OF THE BREAST CENTER202123159349303817
2021Eric Scott Bottin FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$5,000paidCANCER TREATMENT202231299349102393
2021Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$2,500paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT IN HONOR OF DR. DIANE WILDER202123159349303817
2021Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$2,500paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202123159349303817
2021Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$1,000paidBREAST CENTER PROGRAM IN MEMORY OF LIZ RANSOM OSAM202123159349303817
2021Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$1,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202123159349303817
2021Carol and Witt Stephens Charitable FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$200paidKATHY WILLIAMSON MEMORIAL202201439349100705
2021The Bank of America Charitable Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$25paidOPERATIONAL SUPPORT202221309349101737
2020Arkansas Cancer CoalitionCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$35,000paid202140089349300309
2020Caring Hearts Foundation of ArkansasCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidMEDICAL CARE FOR CRITICALLY ILL202113199349102056
2020Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$30,000paidCommunity Grant202103159349104200
2020Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$25,000paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202121359349300427
2020The Jonsson FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$20,000paidGeneral & Unrestricted202132879349101603
2020American Online Giving Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$10,244paidGENERAL SUPPORT202120469349300002
2020Gene & Jerry Jones Family FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidGENERAL PURPOSE202123149349100037
2020Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$10,000paidCOVID202103159349104200
2020The Kathryn Brown Butler Family Foundation C/O Cw Butler III TrusteeCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$8,295paidCONTRIBUTION202240889349100904
2020American Healthcare Radiology Administrators Education Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$7,500paidTO FUND PROGRAMS, TRAINING OR SEMINARS AIMED AT IMPROVING PEDIATRIC OR ADULT PATIENT CARE AND SAFETY WITHIN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING.202122739349301752
2020Eric Scott Bottin FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$5,000paidCANCER TREATMENT202131209349100713
2020Fis Foundation IncCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARC$1,500paidGENERAL CONTRIBUTION202132989349100003
2020The Jonsson FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$1,000paidCharitable Event202132879349101603
2020Binkley Family FoundationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$500paidGENERAL OPERATING202102879349101700
2020Amazonsmile FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$144paidGENERAL SUPPORT202113199349100901
2019Arkansas Cancer CoalitionCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$55,000paid202030139349300943
2019The Philip R Jonsson Foundation C/O Signal Media CorporationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$25,000paidPURCHASE SUPPLIES FOR LARYNGECTOMY MANAGEMENT IN THE HEAD & NECK SURGICAL ONCOLOGY CLINIC202041929349100334
2019Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$16,600paidFor grant recipient's exempt purposes202041789349301474
2019Alderson Family FoundationCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARB$15,000paidEL DORADO CENTER HEATED CHAIRS202030519349100213
2019Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$9,000paidTRANSPORTATION SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS OF THE BREAST CENTER AT CARTI202041339349302859
2019Schwab Charitable FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$7,700paidHEALTH202010489349300101
2019Union County Community Foundation IncCarti FoundationD$7,500paidCOMMUNITY BENEFIT202000169349300615
2019Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$1,000paidFESITVAL OF TREES202041339349302859
2019Arkansas Community Foundation IncCarti Foundationpo Box 55011 Little Rock Ar 72215-5011 Little Rock, ARA$1,000paidGENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT202041339349302859
2018Arkansas Cancer CoalitionCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$45,000paid201900169349300230
2018Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift FundCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$20,100paidFOR GRANT RECIPIENT'S EXEMPT PURPOSES201931359349301478
2018The Philip R Jonsson Foundation C/O Signal Media CorporationCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARB$15,000paidCARTI PATIENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM201921349349101217
2018Regis Foundation for Breast Cancer ResearchCarti Foundation Little Rock, ARA$9,060paidBreast Cancer Research201900929349300205
2018American Healthcare Radiology Administrators Education Foundation IncCarti Foundation Inc Little Rock, ARA$7,500paidTO FUND PROGRAMS, TRAINING OR SEMINARS AIMED AT IMPROVING PEDIATRIC OR ADULT PATIENT CARE AND SAFETY WITHIN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING.201922359349300077

Match tier: A Reported EIN · B Exact name and place · C Strong name match · D Probable name match · U Unresolved. Tiers C and D are inferred, not reported; see how matching works.

Recipient matching for this dataset version has not yet completed its independent precision check. Tier A rows carry the EIN the filer reported; tiers B–D are inferred and should be read as leads until the check is published on the methodology page.

Derived from IRS Form 990-PF and Form 990 Schedule I e-file XML filed by the funders shown; this organization's identity from the IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File. Dataset version 2026.09.0, built 2026-09-03. The rows as Parquet: manifest.

The same organization elsewhere in the program: exempt status and filing health · federal awards · grant guidance · open opportunities.

This is informational only, derived from public data on the dates shown. It is not an eligibility determination, and not legal, tax, or accounting advice. Verify against the official source before relying on it.